BI 171 - Second Exam - 2000

NOTE - the numbers link to related information in the book.  Not all information on old exams is in the new book (so some numbers have no link), and if something looks unfamiliar, you can check to see if it's from a chapter you're supposed to be studying for your current exam.


Multiple Choice.

Place the letter of the choice that best answers the question on the line to the left.
Two Points Each. NOTE: "e" answers are never the correct answer.


_______ 1. What is the most important aspect of a microscope?
                        a. Maximum magnification                 b. Resolution            
                        c. Breadth of field                             d. Lens depth 
                                                    e. Stylishness

_______ 2. Which would not be a common subject of an electron microscope?
                        a. Nucleus             b. Nucleoid             c. Living cell
                        d. Sectioned specimens                        e. Swimsuit models

_______ 3. Which of these phrases best describes how enzymes affect chemical reactions?
                        a. Lower the activation energy             b. Raise the activation energy
                        c. Supply activation energy                  d. Remove activation energy
                                e. Could it have something to do with activation energy...?

_______ 4. If a protein is reversibly denatured, which structural level can you be sure 
                     has remained intact?
                        a. Primary only             b. Secondary only             c. Tertiary only
                        d. Quaternary only             e. How sure do I have to be -?

_______ 5. Which would most likely not have much stereospecificity?
                        a. Antibodies             b. Receptors             c. Enzymes
                        d. Codons            e. People who buy their components at Wal-Mart

_______ 6. The "D" of DNA and the "R" of RNA are based upon which part of 
                    the molecule?
                        a. Sugar             b. Amino Acid             c. Phosphate
                        d. Nitrogenous base             e. The diggelly-riggelly part

_______ 7. Which would be the main process of a digestive system?
                        a. Dehydration synthesis              b. Dynamic equilibrium
                        c. Carboxylation                         d. Hydrolysis
                        e. How come "digestion" isn't one of the choices?

_______ 8. Which is true of prokaryotes?
                        a. Their nucleoids are enclosed in just one membrane
                        b. Virtually all species share the same characteristic chromosome number
                        c. They are too small to be resolved by any type of microscope
                        d. They have cell walls but not cell membranes
                        e. They were happier when they were amateurs

_______ 9. The term given to the number of substrate molecules an enzyme can
                    process per second -
                        a. Reaction rate             b. Michaelis constant             c. Optimal rate
                        d. Turnover rate                 e. The substrate processing number

_______ 10. A dalton (Da) is a measurement of
                        a. Bonding strength            b. Atomic mass            c. Microscope resolution
                        d. Activation energy                e. The strength of a James Bond actor

_______ 11. An R group is part of a(n)
                        a. Amino acid             b. Starch             c. Nucleic acid
                        d. Mucopolysaccharide         e. A bunch of people yelling, "Arrrgh!"

_______ 12. Which commonly involve some sort of mineral or metal?
                        a. Ligands and binding sites             b. Cofactors and prosthetic groups
                        c. Coenzymes and cofactors            d. Ligands and prosthetic groups
                                                e. Nasty scraping sounds

_______ 13. Slug slime is primarily a
                        a. Protein             b. Nucleic acid             c. Substrate
                        d. Mucopolysaccharide             e. Weird thing to ask a question about

_______ 14. Aldehydes and ketones differ in
                        a. Number of bonds                   b. Elemental make-up
                        c. Position in a molecule             d. Acidity levels
                                                e. Political affiliation

_______ 15. Which was most obviously hydrophobic?
                        a. Sugar             b. Starch             c. Vegetable oil            d. Protein 
                                            e. Well, how obvious was it?

_______ 16. A surprising finding from recent studies in developmental biology:
                        a. Many analogous proteins are not homologous
                        b. Many analogous proteins are also homologous
                        c. Effects are commonly mediated by pH
                        d. Effects are commonly mediated by temperature
                        e. A lot of developmental processes are just icky

_______ 17. A hydrocarbon is said to be unsaturated if
                        a. It has one or more double bonds between carbon atoms
                        b. It contains more than one functional group
                        c. Each internal carbon atom is covalently bonded to two hydrogen atoms
                        d. One end of the molecule is hydrophilic while the other end is hydrophobic
                        e. It isn't wet enough

_______ 18. Glucose and fructose are both C6H12O6, but their atoms are arranged
                    differently, which makes them
                        a. Polysaccharides             b. Disaccharides             c. Isomers
                        d. Soluble                          e. Something to avoid at all costs



Short Answer.  

Pick NINE questions to answer in the spaces provided.
NOTE: if you answer MORE than nine, only the first nine will be corrected.

Four Points each. Partial credit is possible.

1. What is a ribozyme?




2. Proteins are made by working from which end to which end?

                                                                    --------------->


3. Briefly explain (don't just give a term) how, in the course of evolution, a new use can evolve for a protein without losing the old use.




4. What are two different of the major organic polymers found in organisms?




5. What is the common biological role played by irreversible inhibitors?




6. Electrophoresis separates peptides according to which two factors?





7. What are two different types of indirect enzyme inhibition?





8. What are the two types of chirality?




9. What is a Q10?




10. Give two different circumstances under which a change in a codon leads to no change in the function of the coded protein.




11. What is Dynamic Reaction Equilibrium?





12. For a cell wall in organisms, give one:
Advantage:


Disadvantage:

 13. What is it specifically about pH that affects the workings of an enzyme (what does a change do to the enzyme itself)?




14. What are two of the three basic types of organelles?



15. Briefly explain how the parts of an amino acid tend to ionize.





16. Put these in order according to how many carbons they have: ethane, methane, propane.
1. 2. 3.


Long Answer.  

Select and answer completely any four of the following questions.
Note: if you answer more than four, only the first four will be corrected.

Seven Points Each. Partial credit is possible.

1. Briefly describe seven different functions performed by proteins.



2. In this graph showing Michaelis-Menten kinetics, label the two axes and briefly explain what is happening to the enzymes in those areas of the curve indicated.













Sorry, you'll need to check your book or notes for the typical graph...

__________________________________________________

3. What are four different factors that can be used to change the rate of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction?


4. What are the four statements that make up cell theory?




5. Based upon the bonding shown, fill in the atoms, using C for Carbon, H for Hydrogen, N for Nitrogen, and O for Oxygen.

Sorry, the bonds one didn't survive the computer transition very well...
                    _____                _____                                      _____
_____
                    _____                _____                _____            _____           _____

                    _____                                          _____            _____

_____                                                  _____               _____

Three-Point Bonus - What specific type of molecule is this?

 
 

6. Give the names and brief definitions for the levels of protein structure.






7. Give four distinct and different features that would be found in disaccharide synthase.





LINK TO ANSWER KEY

BONUS QUESTIONS. Answer as many or as few as you wish. You can't lose points on the rest of the exam by getting these wrong. Partial credit is possible.

What are the two reasons, for Three Points each, for why vegetable oil forms separate blobs or bubbles when mixed into water?




The starches in foods are fairly easy to digest because they are constructed of easily-broken bonds. What advantage does that give to the plants that make the starch? Three Points.





Why exactly is Sulfur and important component of many proteins? Three Points.





The book makes the mistake of saying that enzymes catalyze a reaction equally in both directions. Why does that not make sense? Three Points.





If a virus isn't cellular, then what sort of structure does it have? Three Points.






How can an inappropriate antibiotic treatment today lead to an antibiotic-resistant strain of disease-causing bacteria later? Four Points.



 

 

Hit Counter