BI 173 - First Exam

BI 173 - First Exam - 2006

MULTIPLE CHOICE.

Place the letter of the choice that best answers the question on the line to the left. Two Points Each.
NOTE: "e" answers are never the correct answer.

_______ 1. Neo-Darwinism is mostly a merging of Darwin’s ideas with concepts of

a. Chemistry b. Genetics c. Paleontology d. Ecology
e. Political correctness

_______ 2. Mendel’s Law of Independent Assortment doesn’t work for genes that are

a. Integrated into the same metabolic system b. Mutated
c. Linked d. Dominant e. Too needy

_______ 3. A dominant allele is more likely to

a. Produce a phenotype b. Produce a genotype c. Be passed on
d. Mutate e. Wear leather

_______ 4. Changes in pH can strongly affect what aspect of proteins?

a. Ionic bonds b. Covalent bonds c. Amino bonds d. Hydrogen bonds
e. Sex drive

_______5. Most modern research determines family "timelines" using

                    a. Comparison of fossil anatomy
                    b. Comparison of DNA sequences
                    c. Comparison of developmental / embryological processes
                    d. Comparison of metabolic molecules
                    e. County records and genealogical charts

_______6. RNA is stored mostly in the

a. Nucleolus b. Chromosomes c. Nuclear envelope
d. Cytoplasm e. Cabinet for initial-labeled things

_______7. Which is usually a product of niche isolation?

a. Sexual selection b. Mutation c. Extinction d. Adaptive radiation
e. Satisfying scratching

_______8. Most animal traits are multiple-gene traits because they are the products of

a. Evolution b. Mutations c. Pathways d. Isolation
e. Too much to hope for choice "multiple genes."

_______9. One of the most important aspects of both Darwin’s and Wallace’s data gathering:

                    a. It was done in the tropics                     b. It was done over a long period of time
                    c. It involved many islands                      d. They each used a large group of people
                                        e. They used very nice penmanship

_______10. For a hypothesis to be truly scientific, it should

                    a. Be completely logical                         b. Lead to clear predictions
                    c. Be based on previous results              d. Be expressible mathematically
                            e. Sound okay being recited by an old guy in a lab coat

_______11. Which is universally a reliable marker for gender?

a. Haploid nucleus b. Penis c. Polar body d. Flagellum
e. Um, what now-?

_______12. Which approach to classification is most concerned with the appearance of key features?

a. Cladistics b. Systematics c. Ontology d. Phylogeny
e. Key featurism

_______13. A codon is important as it relates to a(n)

a. Protein sequence b. Nucleotide base c. Type of gene
d. Amino acid e. Term I’ve already forgotten

_______14. Which is an example of Neo-Darwinian sexual selection?

                    a. Certain animals use sex chromosomes to determine gender
                    b. A female earthworm mates with a male in an adjacent tunnel
                    c. A particular phenotype produces increased reproductive success
                    d. All of these
                    e. Depends on what "neo-darwinian sex" is

_______15. Crossing over is a process that occurs during

a. Geographic isolation b. Meiosis c. Electron beam scanning
d. Acid-base reactions e. Marketing of mainstream music

_______16. Histology is the study of

a. Tissues b. Fossils c. Species distribution
d. Genetic connections e. Phlegm

_______17. Microvilli are used to

                    a. Move materials across cells                              b. Move cells across surfaces
                    c. Pump materials through membranes                 d. Increase surface area
                                    e. Remind you that you haven’t studied enough

_______18. In most animal populations, the majority of variation arises from

a. Recombination b. Evolution c. Mutation
d. Phenotype changes e. Too much online shopping

SHORT ANSWER.

Pick TEN Questions to answer in the spaces provided.
NOTE: if you answer MORE than ten, only the first ten will be corrected.
Four Points each. Partial credit is possible.

1. The two most common imaging (beam) systems for microscopes:

2. What two discredited ideas are attributed to Lamarck?

3. What are two different features that cilia and flagella have in common?

4. Briefly explain the hypothesis of ontogeny recapitulates phylogeny.
5. Asexually-reproducing organisms gain what two different adaptive advantages from producing huge numbers of offspring? Be specific.

6. What are the two basic ways to produce a syncytium?

7. What two rates together tend to determine the evolutionary rate?

8. Briefly explain how uniformitarianism was first applied to determine the approximate age of the Earth.

9. What particle movement pattern definitely indicates that active transport is happening?
10. During the primordial soup molecular evolution phase, what are two "life" abilities that even those early systems absolutely required?

11. In general, what is by far the most common type of fossil?
12. According to ecologists, there are three potential responses of a population to change in their environment. What are two?

13. What, in order, are the four organization levels between protoplasmic and individual?

14. What are two different basic uses for lipids in animals?

15. Which basic types of different molecules are the major components of cell membranes?

16. For a low chromosome number -
Evolutionary advantage?		Evolutionary disadvantage?

LONG ANSWER.

Select and answer completely any four of the following questions.
NOTE: if you answer more than four, only the first four will be corrected.
Six Points Each. Partial credit is possible.

1. What are six basic features found in common in all living things? (Not just animals)

2. Give the relevant steps between a change in environment and the production of a new species from a population there, according to Darwin’s theories.

Use like lined paper. The number of lines is not supposed to represent the number of steps.

3. For three different classes of animal tissue, name the tissue and give the feature that makes it clearly distinct from the other tissues.



4. For any three organelles found between the nucleus and cell membrane of animal cells, name the organelle type and briefly give it function.



5. In each column, place three things in chronological order (although they don’t have to be in strict sequence) according to the heterotroph hypothesis.
When the most advanced life was prokaryotes					When the most advanced life was eukaryotes
1					1
2					2
3					3
6. What are four conditions, according to Hardy-Weinberg principles, necessary in a population for allele frequencies to persist?


7. For each, give one real-world example of 2 species and explain what aspect of Darwin’s theories that example supports.
Convergent Evolution
Divergent Evolution

Link to Answer Key

BONUS QUESTIONS.

Answer as many or as few as you wish. You can't lose points on the rest of the exam by getting these wrong. Partial credit is possible.

What problem is shared by the terms adaptation and spores? Three Points.

What are two features of silicate clays that suggest they may have played a critical role in the early development of life in the primordial soup? Three Points each.

What appears in the fossil record to demonstrate the rise of photosynthesis in the world? Three Points.

Why does it take two divisions for meiosis to do its main job of splitting up chromosome sets? Three Points.

What do biological Laws often have that physical Laws are never supposed to have? Three Points.

Thomas Malthus wrote about one thing but was most concerned with something somewhat different: what was his underlying concern? Three Points.

Alfred Russel Wallace is considered the "father" of which biological discipline other than evolutionary biology? Three Points.

Why is mitochondrial DNA considered a better molecular clock? Three Points.

What is most likely true if a modern form is almost identical to its ancient ancestor? Three Points.

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