BI 173 - First Exam - 2007



MULTIPLE CHOICE.

Place the letter of the choice that best answers the question on the line to the left. Two Points Each.
NOTE: "e" answers are never the correct answer.



_______ 1. Much of neo-darwinism involves taking classic Darwinian patterns and analyzing them using

                        a. Biogeography                         b. Ecology                         c. Genetics                        d. Ontogeny
                                                                     e. PowerPoint pie charts

_______ 2. Which would be an example of divergent evolution?

                        a. Turtles and snakes in the same group                            b. Bats and butterflies in totally different groups
                        c. Similarities between a whale and a submarine                 d. Any of these would be an example
                                                        e. An evolution which, y'know, is divergent

_______ 3. The "mosaic" part of the fluid mosaic model refers to

                        a. Phospholipids                         b. DNA                         c. RNA                        d. Proteins
                                                            e. The part that isn't fluid - or is - or...

_______ 4. Recombination is an important aspect of

                        a. Asexual reproduction                         b. Embryo development                        c. Fossil formation
                        d. Sexual reproduction                                                    e. Using leftovers

_______5. According to prevailing current theories, Life on Earth evolved in what order?

                        a. Prokaryote, eukaryote, photosynthesis, aerobic respiration
                        b. Prokaryote, photosynthesis, eukaryote, aerobic respiration
                        c. Prokaryote, photosynthesis, aerobic respiration, eukaryote
                        d. Prokaryote, eukaryote, aerobic respiration, photosynthesis
                        e. Itsy guys, then bitsy guys, then teeny guys, then weeny guys

_______6. "Ontogeny recapitulates phylogeny" is a saying associated with

                        a. Comparative embryology                         b. Analysis of fossils                        c. Molecular clocks
                        d. Genetic expression                                                e. People with excessive vocabularies

_______7. A gene pool is usually considered to be all of the alleles in

                        a. An individual                         b. A population                         c. A family
                        d. A species                                                     e. An artificial pond

_______8. Which bonds are the primary bonds of biological molecules?

                        a. Covalent and ionic                         b. Hydrogen and ionic                        c. Bivalent and covalent
                        d. Hydrogen and covalent                                        e. Maternal and peer bonds

_______9. Acids and bases produce their effects through

                        a. Enzymes                         b. Generation of heat                         c. Ionic interactions
                        d. All of these                                         e. Particularly nasty atomic insults

_______10. Which statement fits one of Mendel's Laws of Genetics?

                        a. Most mutations are neutral or damaging                                                            b. Information is coded into DNA
                        c. Each parent can only pass on one of any gene's paired alleles to an offspring              d. All of these
                                                                e. The bad traits are always the other parent's fault

_______11. How are microvilli different from cilia?

                        a. Microvilli are smaller                         b. Microvilli numbers are much lower
                        c. Microvilli are larger                           d. Core structures are different
                                    e. Other than my remembering one but not the other-?

_______12. The advantage of low chromosome numbers shows up mostly during

                        a. Cell division                         b. Protein production                        c. Evolutionary time scales
                        d. DNA replication                            e. Choosing between the high fiber or low fiber foods

_______13. Fossils are rare for many animals because the ancient animals

                        a. Were not numerous enough                                         b. Lived for very long times
                        c. Didn't die under the right circumstance                         d. Had hard parts that were too simple
                                                                        e. Didn't have fossil policies

_______14. Osmosis occurs

                        a. Regardless of the dilution of the solution                        b. From less dilute to more dilute solutions
                        c. From more dilute to less dilute solutions                         d. Only when dissolved particles are free to move
                                                                    e. Whenever permission is granted

_______15. Chromosomes commonly exchange pieces during

                        a. DNA replication                         b. Meiosis                         c. Mitosis
                        d. Fertilization                                             e. Meetings in gene bars

_______16. Which class of organic molecule has only one major basic function in animals?

                        a. Carbohydrates                         b. Lipids                         c. Proteins
                        d. Water                                                     e. Are you sure all the choices are here?


 

_______17. The pattern of evolutionary lines in cladistics produces splits when

                        a. Significant DNA differences arise                        b. Groups become totally isolated reproductively
                        c. Older groups become totally extinct                     d. When key features arise
                                                                        e. The pen slips


 

_______18. The function of most of an animal's DNA is

                        a. Coding for genes                 b. Production of proteins                c. Unknown
                        d. Translation of RNA                                e. To be a totally annoying subject of difficult questions

SHORT ANSWER.

Pick TEN Questions to answer in the spaces provided.
NOTE: if you answer MORE than ten, only the first ten will be corrected.
Four Points each. Partial credit is possible.

1. What are two aspects of evolution that have a particularly large element of chance?
2. Define artificial selection.



3. What are two structural features associated with the cell nucleus?
4. Briefly but accurately explain how dominant and recessive alleles work.



5. In what way are molecular clocks uniformitarian?



6. In general, what are two ways that a population can react over time to a major environmental change?




7. There are two different microscope systems named according to how the beam interacts with the specimen between where it is made and where an image is made. Name the two types.
8. What exactly is it about Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium that makes it important to evolutionary theory, given that it requires features that don't generally exist in Nature?



9. What easily-detectable feature does any active transport system have?



10. Name two muscle subtypes that are both striated.
11. Which two ecosystems were most likely the "staging areas" from which organisms moved from water to land?
12. In modern scientific method, what are the two essentially different ways to test a hypothesis?
13. What, in order, are the four organization levels between protoplasmic and individual?
14. To what does the Cambrian Explosion refer?



15. What are two different ways that gender can be "set" in animals?


LONG ANSWER.

Select and answer completely any four of the following questions.
NOTE: if you answer more than four, only the first four will be corrected.
Six Points Each. Partial credit is possible.

1. For three different classes of animal tissue, name the tissue and give one major use for that tissue in animals.




2. What are six basic features found in common in all living things? (Not just animals)




3. Answer for one of the two fundamental types of reproduction.
TYPE:

Definition:
Evolutionary Advantage: Evolutionary Disadvantage:



4. What are four different ways that groups can become reproductively isolated from each other?


5. Describe (don't just use a term) the two ideas about evolution that are generally linked to Lamarck.








6. A group has three possible responses to environmental change. What are they?

 

 

 
7. Give the name and basic function of three different non-nuclear cell organelles, found in animals, that are not projections of the membrane.

 		 
 
 
 
 
8. Give a simple progression, according to Darwin's Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection, from the beginning to the end here -
The environment around a population changes.

 

 

 

 

 


The population can now be considered a new species.

Link to Answer Key

 

BONUS QUESTIONS.

Answer as many or as few as you wish. You can't lose points on the rest of the exam by getting these wrong. Partial credit is possible.


What features of Life are lacking in viruses? Two Points each.

What two pre-existing systems probably contributed to the evolution of photosynthesis? Three Points.

What produces the resolution limits on light microscopes? Three Points.



 

What two non-nuclear eukaryote organelles have their own DNA? Two Points Each.

Thomas Malthus' writings that influenced Darwin were a thinly-hidden warning against what? Three Points.


 

What modern discipline was largely developed by Alfred Russel Wallace? Three Points.

Why is mitochondrial DNA so commonly used for comparison studies? Three Points.


Haeckel, the "ontogeny" guy, is often used as an example of one thing (a) when he's actually an example of another thing (b). Three Points each, and make it clear what's a or b.







 

 

  		  
 
 
     

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