BI 173 - Second Exam - 2006

MULTIPLE CHOICE.

Place the letter of the choice that best answers the question on the line to the left. Two Points Each.
NOTE: "e" answers are never the correct answer.

 

_______ 1. Spiral cleavage is a characteristic of

                    a. Meiosis                     b. Deuterostomes                     c. Protostomes
                    d. Body cavity production                     e. Plane crashes

 

_______ 2. Hemolymph is a term often applied to animals with

                    a. Exoskeletons             b. Endoskeletons             c. Respiratory systems
                    d. Excretory systems                 e. No idea what it means

 

_______ 3. Homeostasis applies to

                    a. Temperature control only             b. Every system             c. Blood systems only
                    d. Cell systems only                             e. Terms I care nothing about

 

_______ 4. Several life functions in very small animals are done wholly by

                    a. The nucleus                     b. Shared organs                     c. Diffusion
                    d. Appendages                             e. Agreement with the patent holders

 

_______5. A lymphatic system typically functions as a part of the

                    a. Respiratory system and excretory system
                    b. Respiratory system and circulatory system
                    c. Circulatory system and integumentary system
                    d. Circulatory system and immune system
                    e. Food group and beverage group - and it can polish silver!

 

_______6. A slice through a person that would have a silhouette shape of the person turned to the side
                                would be a midplane of which type of section?

                    a. Longitudinal             b. Transverse             c. Sagittal             d. Cross
                                                            e. Really cool in a movie

 

_______7. A major advantage to metamerism (segmentation) is its association to

                    a. Reproduction                     b. Size                     c. Energy usage
                    d. Symmetry                                     e. A lack of recollection

 

_______8. Something reasonable to expect in a monoecious species that should never happen in a
                                dioecious species:

                    a. Fully-functional offspring             b. Self-fertilization            c. Asexual reproduction
                    d. All of these                     e. Psychological problems, one sees that just from the choices

 

_______9. Mammals (our group) produce

                    a. Antigens             b. Antibodies             c. Antibiotics             d. Allergens
                                        e. These and many other strange terms

 

_______10. Which structures are found in vertebrates?

                    a. Malpighian tubules                     b. Metanephridia                    c. Ameboid nephridia
                    d. Nephrons            e. Well, they may be found there, but I’m not looking for them

 

_______11. The conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin is critical to which system?

                    a. Respiratory             b. Excretory             c. Circulatory             d. Skeletal
                                        e. Look at all the systems we’ve done!

 

_______12. Oxygen debt occurs in only

                    a. Skeletal systems             b. Nervous systems             c. Digestive systems
                    d. Respiratory systems                     e. The poorest animals

 

_______13. Homeotic genes would have been critical to the evolution of

                    a. Parasites                     b. Sexual reproducers                    c. Endotherms
                    d. Cephalization                                        e. Wooden housing

 

_______14. The main reason why, in terrestrial animal lines that have become aquatic, they will never
                                develop gills or a gill-like system is connected to

                    a. The change in saltiness
                    b. The irreversible changes in skeletal support systems
                    c. The solubility of oxygen in water
                    d. The fact that evolution only goes forward, never backward
                    e. A pure lack of imagination

 

_______15. The typical number of offspring produced is directly related to

                    a. Skeleton type                                 b. Terrestrial vs aquatic designation
                    c. Early survival chances                    d. Variations in sexual reproduction methods
                                                    e. How big the shoe is

 

_______16. Which species name follows the binomial nomenclature rules?

                    a. subjectium Zoologicum                      b. Examinus terribilus
                    c. Evaluatia Quartia                             d. testus horriblus
                                        e. How about Sid? Sid’s a nice name...

 

_______17. Animals with salt glands share what "recent" evolutionary background?

                    a. Fresh water             b. Lack of kidneys             c. Land animals
                    d. Loss of gills                         e. A love of seasonings

 

_______18. A larger animal with cutaneous respiration needs

                    a. To also excrete that way                     b. A second respiration method
                    c. To be terrestrial                                 d. A circulatory system
                                        e. To be not embarrassed about it

 

 

SHORT ANSWER.

Pick TEN Questions to answer in the spaces provided.
NOTE: if you answer MORE than ten, only the first ten will be corrected.
Four Points each. Partial credit is possible.

1. The two different major functions of the notochord:
 

 
2. What are two different types of regulatory molecules found in vertebrate blood?
 

 
3. What are two different types of tissues typically found in the dermis?
 

 
4. For each, give an advantage over the other that would apply in any environment:
ENDOTHERMY:
 

 

 ECTOTHERMY:
 
5. What are two features (other than specific permeabilities) than respiratory surfaces tend to have in common?
 

 
6. What is the current, best definition of what makes a group a distinct species?

 

 
7. What huge evolutionary advantage arises from internal non-digestive body cavities?

 

 
8. What are two typical features found in an open circulatory system?
 

 
9. Briefly explain what an osmotic conformer is, including in your answer the general type of organism (one group fits all) mostly likely to be conformers.

 

 
10. Most animal excretory systems begin by filtering body fluid. What are the next 2 steps?
2.

 

 3.

 
11. What are two of the cellular elements of vertebrate blood? Give the more-technical terms.
 

 
12. Put in proper order from smallest to largest: Class, Family, Genus, Kingdom, Order, Phylum, Species, Subfamily, Superorder. (Notice the numbers go across!)
1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9
13. Briefly define serial homology without using either word (or derivatives of them).

 

 

 
14. Show with a labeled diagram how animals’ countercurrent heat exchanger works.

 

 

 
15. In terms details of the main function, what happens in a tracheal system?

 

 

LONG ANSWER.

Select and answer completely any four of the following questions.
NOTE: if you answer more than four, only the first four will be corrected.
Six Points Each. Partial credit is possible.

1. List the three embryonic germ layers and for each give a one basic system that mostly derives from that layer.
 

 
 

 
 

 
2. What are three adaptations found specifically in endotherms of very cold environments?
 

 
 

 
 

 

 

3. Put these labels in the proper place on the diagram: anterior, distal, dorsal, posterior, proximal, ventral.

This had a drawing of a cow, which wouldn't come over from the original file.

 

















 

 

4. What, generally, are six different functions of integument?


 
 

 
5. For three different types of asexual reproduction done by individuals, give the term and give a brief description of how offspring are produced.
 

 
 

 
 

 
6. Name the two types of rigid skeletons and for each list two advantages it has over the other.



 


 
 

 
7. For the three major excretion materials in animals, name each and give one advantage that one has over the others.


 
 

 
 

 
8. What are three of the basic methods of feeding? (Give major methods, not subtypes

 

 

 

Link to Answer Key

BONUS QUESTIONS.

Answer as many or as few as you wish. You can't lose points on the rest of the exam by getting these wrong. Partial credit is possible.

A species name with the same word twice is usually an indication of what about that species? Three Points.

 

 

Why does it seem like starfish should be bilaterally symmetrical? Three Points.

 

 

There are various evolutionary rationales to the various groups that characteristically use alternation of generations. For Three Points each, what are they?

 

 

 

For Three Points each, what places in humans use ciliary movement to move things in tubes?

 

 

What disadvantage would sharks get from having a bony skeleton? Three Points.

 

 

Why are protonephridia called flame cells? Be somewhat specific. Three Points.

 

What is the function of nitrogen in the blood? Three Points.

 

 

How in general does initial exposure differ in really dangerous allergies, compared to "regular" allergies? Three Points.

 

 

For Three Points each, explain how the three symptoms of inflammation are produced:  redness, swelling, warmth.

 

 

 

 

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