BI 173 - Second Exam 2007

BI 173 - Second Exam - 2007

MULTIPLE CHOICE.

Place the letter of the choice that best answers the question on the line to the left. Two Points Each.
NOTE: "e" answers are never the correct answer.

_______ 1. Which two work in very similar ways?

                    a. Sexual selection and asexual selection                     b. Founder effect and bottleneck effect
                    c. Muscular movement and ciliary movement             d. Oxygen debt and nutritional debt
                                e. Taking this class and repeatedly whacking a wall with your head

_______ 2. What feature virtually always appears along with bilateral symmetry?

                    a. Endoskeleton                     b. Exoskeleton                     c. Cephalization
                    d. Metanephridia                                     e. A love of pie

_______ 3. Which is an allowable species name?

                    a. Greysius Anatomus                 b. lawius norderus                  c. Desperatus housewivius
                    d. idolus Americanus                                e. I have got to get out of the house more...

_______ 4. Typically, invertebrate integument
                    a. Has both dermis and epidermis                     b. Has dermis but not epidermis
                    c. Has epidermis but not dermis                       d. Has neither epidermis nor dermis
                                                            e. Has too many "in's"

_______5. Terrestrial animals that move into aquatic niches still breathe air because of their
                    a. Temperature regulation                     b. Circulation systems                    c. Excretory processes
                    d. Metabolic rates                                            e. Inability to cancel the contract

_______6. Which process involves a homeotic or HOX gene?

                    a. Reproductive behavior                     b. Digestive chemistry                    c. Blood clotting
                    d. Leg placement                                            e. Homeys got a gene named after them?

_______7. The reliable way to decide whether reproductive structures are associated with male gender or female gender is to inspect the

                    a. Copulatory structures                     b. Packaging glands                     c. Gametes produced
                    d. All of these are equally reliable                     e. Little box on the driver's license

_______ 8. Antennal glands are primarily part of which function?

                    a. Excretion             b. Sensory             c. Digestion            d. Circulatory             e. Long and wiggly

_______9. Which are most likely to be osmotic conformers?

                    a. Freshwater animals             b. Marine animals            c. Land animals             d. All are equally likely
                                                e. Those that give in to osmotic peer pressure

_______10. Cephalization is usually associated with
                    a. Ectoderm             b. Endoderm             c. Radial symmetry            d. Bilateral symmetry
                                                            e. The weird spellings list

_______11. Which structures should be mostly derived from mesoderm?
                    a. Lungs and stomach                     b. Muscles and kidneys                    c. Brain and internal skeleton
                    d. Spinal cord and dermis                        e. Isn't asking about their derivation discriminatory?

_______12. Which is least likely to ever be found in an open circulatory system?
                    a. Arteries             b. Veins             c. Capillaries            d. Heart             e. Closed-isity

_______13. If the same key feature in two subgroups is derived, the overall group is
                    a. Homologous             b. Analogous             c. Monophyletic            d. Polyphyletic             e. Not riding the bus

_______14. A critical feature found usually in closed circulatory systems but not open systems is transport of
                    a. Digestion-derived nutrients                     b. Metabolic wastes                    c. Oxygen
                    d. Hormones                                                                        e. Blood?

_______15. Calcification occurs when
                    a. Embryonic layers differentiate                              b. Exoskeletons are prepared for a molt
                    c. Large invasive organisms are isolated                    d. Muscle fibers interact
                                        e. You let a glass of milk sit out overnight

_______16. The term serial homology is generally applied to
                    a. Appendages                     b. Classification                     c. Excretory structures
                    d. Circulatory structures                                     e. Breakfast

_______17. By the most recent method, which would be used to determine a species?
                    a. Breeding offspring of crosses to see if they're sterile         b. Comparing the earliest embryos
                    c. Checking fine details on anatomy                                    d. Observing reproductive behavior out in the natural environment
                                                            e. Checking the Wikipedia entry

_______18. A notochord's two functions are in which areas?
                    a. Integumentary and sensory                                       b. Relaying nerve messages and muscular
                    c. Skeletal and embryological development                    d. Pumping and waste removal from blood
                                        e. As a question, utter confusion and absolute despair

SHORT ANSWER.

Pick TEN Questions to answer in the spaces provided.
NOTE: if you answer MORE than ten, only the first ten will be corrected.
Four Points each. Partial credit is possible.

1. Describe (don't just give a label!) how two different types of asexual reproduction work.

2. Briefly explain how daily torpor works.

3. Put in proper order from largest to smallest: Class, Family, Genus, Kingdom, Order, Phylum, Species, Suborder, Superclass. (Notice the numbers go across!)

1 2 3

4 5 6

7 8 9

4. What's it mean if a Phylum is monoecious?

5. Define what numeric radial symmetry is.

6. What are the two major functions of the lymphatic system?

7. What are two different adaptations that maintain osmotic homeostasis in freshwater animals?

8. Why, exactly, would a crocodile resting on a sunny beach be holding its mouth open?

9. Give two sets of differences (and don't use the same one twice, reworded) between -

DEUTEROSTOMES PROTOSTOMES

10. What are the three steps (in order) that most excretory systems use to remove wastes from the blood?

11. What general conditions seem to bring about an apparent lack of evolutionary change, even over long periods of time?

12. Supplementary air sacs can serve two very different purposes. What are they?

13. What are two different classes of regulatory molecules found in vertebrate blood?

14. What are two events for which meiosis can be delayed in egg cell production?

15. What are two features (other than specific permeabilities) than respiratory surfaces tend to have in common?

16. Vertebrate blood commonly carries two dissolved materials that are, for all metabolic purposes, chemically inactive. What are they?

LONG ANSWER.

Select and answer completely any four of the following questions.
NOTE: if you answer more than four, only the first four will be corrected.
Six Points Each. Partial credit is possible.

1. Put these labels in the proper place on the diagram: anterior, distal, dorsal, posterior, proximal, ventral.

2. For ectotherms / poikilotherms:

Define -

One advantage
over ectotherms-

One disadvantage

compared to ectotherms -

3. For three basic types of feeding (not the subtypes of one of the basic types!), give the type and an example of an animal that feeds that way.

4. What, generally, are six different functions of integument?

5. Describe or diagram (with labels) two different types of countercurrent exchange systems found in animals.

6. What are four conditions, according to Hardy-Weinberg principles, necessary in a population for allele frequencies to persist?

7. For the three major excretion materials in animals, name each and give one advantage that one has over the others.

8. For the three cellular elements of vertebrate blood, name the cell type and give a basic function associated with that type.

Link to Answer Key

BONUS QUESTIONS.

Answer as many or as few as you wish. You can't lose points on the rest of the exam by getting these wrong. Partial credit is possible.

In the debate between gradual and punctuated evolution, what fact guaranteed that both would be "true"? Three Points.

In what sort of taxonomy is "Division" a commonly-used term? Three Points.

What makes a body cavity technically a coelom? Three Points.

What is the adaptive advantage of metamerism? Three Points.

What circumstances have led to alternation of generations? Three Points Each.

The two major "trunks" of phyla on the animal tree are separate based upon what feature? Three Points.

What two metabolic factors have most affected the evolution of human skin color? Three Points Each.

What is it about fur that makes it an effective insulator? Three Points.

Explain in some detail why land ectotherms that have returned to aquatic existences have not evolved to breathe water. Three Points.

Why is a flame cell called that? Three Points.

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