BI 173 - Second Exam - 1996



Multiple Choice. Place the letter of the choice that best answers the question on the line to the left. Two Points Each.
NOTE: "e" answers are never the correct answer.


_______ 1. Hemostasis is associated most closely with
                            a. Overall metabolism                     b. Respiratory wastes
                            c. Blood clotting                             d. Hunger control
                                    e. One of those biology-zoology thingies


_______ 2. A major function of saliva is to
                            a. Digest most molecules                 b. Treat with antibacterials
                            c. Aid chewing action                      d. Aid swallowing action
                                        e. Keep people at a respectful distance


_______ 3. An excretory structure that moves through hemolymph and drains into 
                                    the intestine:
                            a. Malpighian tubules                         b. Protonephridia
                            c. Nephrons                                      d. Glomerulus
                            e. I'm not sure, but I don't think a plumber could fix it


_______ 4. An exocrine gland is most associated with
                            a. Synapses             b. Ducts            c. Circulation             d. Lymph
                                                     e. Leaving stains on the carpet


_______5. Which are most likely to employ countercurrent systems?
                            a. Gills and heat exchangers
                            b. Protonephridia and subcutaneous repiration systems
                            c. Hormone receptors and synapse receptors
                            d. All of the above
                            e. The latest in Space-Age toilets!


_______6. One of the most advanced central nervous systems found in invertebrates may
                                        involve distributions across a
                            a. Web             b. Colony of brains            c. Variety of species 
                            d. Shell inner support structure            e.  Wal-Mart system


_______7. Small particles are eaten from passing water by
                            a. Deposit feeders                                 b. Fluid feeders            
                            c. Circulatory feeders                            d. Filter feeders   
                            e. Animals too proud to apply for government assistance


_______8. Diverticula are a site for which process?
                            a. Gas exchange                                     b. Waste secretion            
                            c. Bacterial fermentation                         d. Impulse message distribution
                                        e. Wiping all classroom knowledge from the memory


_______9. Linear to nodal to parallel is a progression found in
                            a. Vertebrate brains                                 b. Excretory systems            
                            c. Invertebrate brains                               d. Digestive systems
                                        e. High school mathematics curricula


_______10. The need of a wider range of metabolic proteins is a disadvantage of
                            a. Endotherms             b. Water breathers            c. Ectotherms 
                            d. Air breathers                    e. Most new food products


_______11. Cephalization is almost always found in animals with
                            a. Endothermy                                     b. Bidirectional neurons
                            b. Ectothermy                                      d. Bilateral symmetry
                                            e. No potential as Disney characters


_______12. Hormonal effects are often controlled through
                            a. Peripheral nerves                                  b. Feedback
                            c. Enzymatic processing                            d. Synaptic conjunctions
                                            e. Lots and lots of cold showers


_______13. Contractile vacuoles are most associated with which process?
                            a. Digestion                                         b. Environmental stimulus
                            c. Excretion                                         d. Osmotic regulation
                            e. Legal documentation - or is that contractual vacuoles?


_______14. Why are there no water-breathing endotherms?
                            a. Their metabolic energy needs are too low
                            b. Oxygen dissolves badly in water
                            c. All endotherms are land-living
                            d. All of the above
                            e. It's the bathing - they hate it


_______15. Which is true about hunger?
                            a. It is never hormonally controlled
                            b. It is directly connected to excretion
                            c. It can be very nutritionally specific
                            d. It is not a feature of simple animals
                            e. Uh, if you eat, it goes away -?


_______16. A very large sensory input is sent as
                            a. A large impulse                             b. A sequence of impulses
                            c. A fast impulse                               d. More neurotransmitters
                                e. It depends - is it a good input or a bad input?


_______17. A system of arteries, veins, and capillaries would be
                            a. Closed             b. Open            c. Excretory             d. Respiratory
                                    e. Okay with a light pesto sauce and some garlic


_______18. Hydrolysis is associated with
                            a. Digestion                             b. Impulse propagation
                            c. Water balance                     d. Active transport of wastes
                                                e. Many other ugly terms



Short Answer.

Pick TEN Questions to answer in the spaces provided.
NOTE: if you answer MORE than ten, only the first ten will be corrected. 
Four Points each.

1. What is the function of myelin?




2. Other than comparing lens numbers, give one way that single-lens eyes differ from compound eyes.




3. Many marine animals are osmotic conformers. Explain what this means.




4. What are two features found commonly, separately or together, in cutaneous respiration animals?




5. What are the two general types of hormone receptors?




6. What are two basic ways that ectotherms regulate their temperatures?




7. What advantage does a tube digestive system have over a sac digestive system?




8. What is meant by a threshold effect?




9. Briefly explain the functional connection between a tracheal system and an open circulatory system.




10. What are two functions of the cerebellum?




11. Name two adaptations found in endotherms for particularly cold environments.




12. What sort of transport system is commonly used in very small animals?




13. What are two sensory abilities that humans don't have but may be found in some animals?




14. Briefly explain daily torpor.




15. Bile helps to elusify fat. Why exactly does it need to be emulsified?




16. A lymphatic system often has several functions. What is the primary function?




17. What are two methods by which massed food gets eaten?




LONG ANSWER.  

Select and answer completely any four of the following questions.
Note: if you answer more than four, only the first four will be corrected.
Six Points Each.

1. List three parts of the vertebrate forebrain and for each, give a single function.


  

 

 

2. There are three major excretory products in animals. Name two, and for each give one advantage and one disadvantage.

Product  Advantage Disadvantage

   

   

3. Describe, with names, the steps followed by an impulse from stimulus of a sense receptor to response of an effector.

 

 

 

 

 


4. Name six noncell components of vertebrate plasma.

 

 

 

5. List, in order, the five common digestive regions found along a tube system.
 
 
 
 
 

6. Name three general types of sense receptors; for each type, give an example of a particular environmental stimulus that they might pick up.


  

 

 

7. Central nervous systems differ in basic construction between major vertebrate and major invertebrate groups. Give three pairs of differences.
Invertebrate System Vertebrate System

 

 

 

8. All of the many different types of excretory systems share similarities in function.  Other than the obvious one of excretion of nitrogenous wastes, list three.


 


BONUS QUESTIONS. Answer as many or as few as you wish. You can't lose points on the rest of the exam by getting these wrong.

Why is a flame cell called that? Two Points.




It used to be thought that vertebrates replayed their evolutionary history during embryo development. One type of structure especially seemed to support this, as one appeared just to be replaced by a more advanced type. What structure was it? Two Points.




Evaporation is a cooling process. Why? Three Points.




What is the sequence of digestive events that lead to cud chewing? Three Points.




Other than for nutrition (or due to mental illness), why would someone feel compelled to eat dirt? Three Points.




Vitamins can actually be thought of as an area in which vertebrate chauvinism has run riot. For Three Points, explain why.




Impulse speed can be increased by insulating the nerve or by ___? Three Points.




What squid capabilities are suggestive of a fairly high intelligence? Two Points.




What is the main site of hormonal feedback control in humans? Two Points.

 

 

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