BI 173 - Fourth Exam - 2005

Answer Key

MULTIPLE CHOICE.

Place the letter of the choice that best answers the question on the line to the left. Two Points Each.
NOTE: "e" answers are never the correct answer.

___B___ 1. An operculum is associated with

                    a. Pheromones                     b. Gills                     c. Annelids                     d. Wings
                                        e. What you use to look down a soprano's throat

                        ...it's the bony fish characteristic gill cover.

___A___ 2. Powerful defensive poisons can be found in

                    a. Frogs and millipedes                             b. Sea urchins and roundworms
                    c. Leeches and lizards                              d. Lamprey eels and flukes
                                        e. Baby diapers and closed elevators

                        ...they are common in the gland-rich skins of amphibians, and produced
                            by all millipedes.

___A____ 3. Which would be endotherms?

                    a. Robin and kangaroo                             b. Crocodile and mouse
                    c. Spider and crayfish                              d. Moth and cat
                                        e. I pay no attention to ethnic origins

                        ...there are two endotherm groups:  birds and mammals.

___C___ 4. In the more advanced insect flight systems, the muscles attach

                    a. Directly to the wings                             b. To a keelbone structure
                    c. To the walls of the thorax                      d. To the back legs
                                e. To each other in a very obscene manner

                        ...moving the wings that fast must be done indirectly - they can't stand
                            the stresses of direct pulls on one end.

___A___ 5. A feature that shows some relatedness across several phyla:

                    a. Trochophore larvae                                 b. Pentaradial symmetry
                    c. Sociality                                                 d. Zygote formation
                                e. Opinions about the humor of the Three Stooges

                        ...notice it says "zygote," not "embryo" - zygote formation isn't
                            used to determine relationships.

___B___6. Which are deuterostomes?

                    a. Roundworm and leech                                 b. Starfish and salamander
                    c. Spider and earthworm                                  d. Slug and pigeon
                                e. You're just making these words up, aren't you -?

                        ...know what groups are on which "trunk" - here, there are echinoderms
                            and chordates.

___B___ 7. A slime eel might have

                    a. Jaws but no teeth                                         b. Fins but not in pairs
                    c. Bones but no jaws                                       d. Gills and lungs both
                            e. Trouble being served in a restaurant (as entree or customer)

                        ...they are jawless fish, so they wouldn't have jaws - b is a characteristic
                            of the group.

___C___8. Which are in the same phylum?

                    a. Polychaete worm and sea cucumber                     b. Bat and dragonfly
                    c. Sea squirt and eagle                                             d. Earthworm and snake
                                                e. Could I alphabetize them instead?

                        ...they are both chordates.

___C___9. Which would be a modern nonwinged insect?

                    a. Silverfish             b. Grasshopper            c. Flea             d. Tick
                                                e. Those Volkswagen 'Beetles'

                        ...a is a primitive wingless insect, b is modern winged, d isn't an insect at
                            all, but an arachnid.

___D___10. Probably the most important aspect of the osteichthyan swim bladder is that it

                    a. Helps draw oxygen from the water
                    b. Gives the muscles something to pull against
                    c. Could be evolved into a lung
                    d. Helps conserve energy
                    e. Does not produce detectable "warm spots" in the swimming pool

                        ...it prevents the fish from sinking, so it doesn't have to work to stay at a
                            particular depth.

___B___ 11. Which animals could be expected to excrete primarily uric acid?

                    a. Earthworm & lizard                                         b. Crow & cricket
                    c. Starfish & opossum                                         d. Snake and salamander
                                    e. I try not to expect such things about any animal

                        ...characteristic of their groups, but also found in land groups with sealed
                            eggs.

___D___12. Mantle cavities could be found in

                    a. Sea urchins and crayfish                                     b. Sea anemones and starfish
                    c. Snails and jellyfish                                              d. Oysters and squid
                                        e. In fireplaces with built-in knick-knack cabinets

                        ...match the mollusk characteristic with the mollusks.

___B___13. Something a lizard would have but a snake would not

                    a. Backbone             b. Ear opening             c. Scales            d. All of these             e. Personality

                        ...they also have eyelids and legs, but snakes don't.

___A___14. If an organism is a facultative parasite, then it

                    a. Also may be found free-living                     b. Lives externally on its host
                    c. Lives internally on its host                          d. Goes through several larval stages
                                                            e. Lives on teachers

                        ...this is opposed to an obligate parasite, which can only exist as a parasite.

___D___15. These would have closed circulatory systems:

                    a. Roundworm and sea cucumber                     b. Newt and centipede
                    c. Turbellarian and clam                                   d. Earthworm and sting ray
                                   e. Animals with high tariffs and protectivist administrators

                        ...annelids and chordates are the only major phyla with this characteristic.

___B___ 16. Which goes through bilateral, then pentaradial, then bilateral symmetry?

                    a. Nematode             b. Sea cucumber             c. Leech             d. Sea urchin
                                            e. I don't know, but it sounds painful...

                        ...the pentaradial indicates an echinoderm, and seas cucumbers have
                            bilateral symmetry in that group.

___A___17. Which are mammals?

                    a. Bat and rat                                                 b. Platypus and duck
                    c. Whale and shark                                         d. Elephant and snapping turtle
                    e. When are we going to stop prying into these poor animals’ backgrounds...?

                        ...know examples from the subgroups.

___D___ 18. Which would have paired ventral nerve cords?

                    a. Cockroach & sea urchin                                         b. Clam & starfish
                    c. Shark & salamander                                               d. Spider & earthworm
                                   e. Whoever bought them when Walmart had that sale...

                        ...found in animals on the protostome "trunk."

SHORT ANSWER.

Pick TEN Questions to answer in the spaces provided.
NOTE: if you answer MORE than ten, only the first ten will be corrected.
Four Points each. Partial credit is possible.

LONG ANSWER.

Select and answer completely any four of the following questions.
NOTE: if you answer more than four, only the first four will be corrected.
Six Points Each. Partial credit is possible.

Answer as many or as few as you wish. You can't lose points on the rest of the exam by getting these wrong. Partial credit is possible.

Maximum sizes in giant squid have been inferred from the sucker-inflicted scars found on sperm whales. Why is that not a reliable source of such information? Three Points.

Species from an entirely unknown phylum were discovered by researchers just a few years ago - in what environment were the animals living? Three Points.

What sorts of medical tests involve the use of horseshoe crab blood? Three Points.

What two research areas having nothing to do with the study animals are interested in the behavior of ants? Three Points each.

Describe a trait found in Echinoderms that shows that evolution doesn’t follow a "logical" progress - a trait that exists but seems like it shouldn’t, and explain why it shouldn’t. Five Points.

What aspects of most zoology texts show a type of "vertebrate chauvinism"? Explain briefly. Four Points.

What feature of bony fish suggests that the group evolved in fresh water? Three Points.

Dimetrodon - the critter with the big back-fin that’s in every pack of toy "dinosaurs" - was most closely related to what modern group of vertebrates? Three Points.