BI 173 - Fourth Exam - 1997


Multiple Choice.

Place the letter of the choice that best answers the question on the line to the left. Two Points Each.
NOTE: "e" answers are never the correct answer.


_______ 1. The evolutionary development of mesoderm seems to have provided the potential for which immediate other development?

                            a. Gill arches             b. Internal organs            c. Significant increase in size
                            d. Digestive cavities                    e. The sequel, Mesoderm II


_______ 2. Which group is considered to be entirely marine?

                            a. Mollusks             b. Crustaceans            c. Echinoderms             d. Rotifers
                                                e. Just look for animals with buzzcuts and attitude


_______ 3. Polymorphism is a feature found in

                            a. Termites             b. Turbellarians            c. Starfish             d. Horseshoe crabs
                                            e. Computer programs written by parrots (Huh?)


_______ 4. A winged animal with an exoskeleton should almost certainly be a

                            a. Vertebrate             b. Insect nymph            c. Crustacean             d. Insect adult
                                            e. Thing you wouldn't want caught in your air


_______5. Which is true about teeth?

                            a. Only tetrapods have them                                            b. They began as a type of scale   
                            c. They are a highly modified type of cartilage                  d. All of the above
                                                e. Grinding them down to points is very stylish


_______6. A Portuguese Man-o-War would have which features?

                            a. Nematocyst & Scolex                             b. Nerve net & Tentacles
                            c. Mesoglea & Choanocytes                       d. Chromatophores & Dorsal Nerve Cord
                                                    e. Well, it's from Portugal, and....uhhhh.....



_______7. Onychophorans are notable because they appear to be

                            a. Like intermediates between annelids and arthropods
                            b. Bilateral embryos but pentaradial and bilateral adults
                            c. Found only in people's eyelash follicles
                            d. Partly vertebrate and partly invertebrate
                            e. Almost impossible to pronounce



_______8. A spider would be most closely related to which of the following?

                            a. Centipede             b. Tick            c. Lobster             d. Cricket            e. Lawyer



_______9. Which would have a notochord (embryological still counts) and no jaws?

                            a. Sea urchin & sea squirt                             b. Lancelet & sting ray
                            c. Lamprey & lancelet                                  d. Lungfish & hagfish
                            e. Well, my uncle has a notebook for the messages he gets from space and he's got no teeth...



_______10. Planktonic organisms would be found

                            a. In soil             b. Just below a water surface            c. On the bottom of water bodies
                            d. As external parasites         e. I dunno - I'm drawing a ton of planks, er, blanks today



_______11. Which are sessile?

                            a. Sponge and medusa             b. Centipede and slug            b. Clam and sea squirt
                            d. Squid and lamprey eel                e. I don't think that's anyone's business but theirs



_______12. Which feature should you not expect to find in an annelid?

                            a. Wet skin                 b. Ventral double nerve cords                c. Cephalization
                            d. Exoskeleton                        e. A desire to marry one of your close relatives



_______13. Most species of insects develop

                            a. Directly, with metamorphosis                             b. Indirectly, with metamorphosis
                            c. Directly, without metamorphosis                         d. Indirectly, without metamorphosis
                                                                    e. Very irritating habits


_______14. Ctenophores are a small, minor phylum, whose main current impact is that

                            a. Their chemical effect on host behavior might affect pesticide development
                            b. They are a major low-level link in fresh water food chains
                            c. Their disturbance of Black Sea ecosystems, including fisheries
                            d. Their tendency to clog intake pipes along the Great Lakes
                            e. They're actually the secret majority stockholders of Fox TV


_______15. Poison is a common characteristic in members of which groups?

                            a. Arachnids, Mollusks, and Nematodes            b. Platyhelminths, Annelids, and Jawless fish
                            c. Cnidaria, Cestodes, and Insects.                    d. Cnidaria, Diplopods, and Amphibians
                                                    e. Wives who can't find the pruning shears


_______16. Mesoglea would be found in

                            a. A glass sponge & a sea anemone                     b. A spider & a whip scorpion
                            c. A lancelet & a shark                                        d. A crow & a lizard
                                                            e. An extremely happy meso


_______17. Schistosome larvae get into human hosts

                            a. Through humans drinking contaminates water
                            b. By boring directly through the skin
                            c. When humans eat contaminated meat
                            d. When humans pick up and ingest eggs from the environment
                            e. By getting the humans very drunk, or lending them money


_______18. Which is probably closest in form to the direct ancestors of vertebrates?

                            a. Sea cucumber             b. Sea squirt            c. Flatworm             d. Lancelet           e. Bruce Willis



Short Answer.

Pick TEN Questions to answer in the spaces provided.
NOTE: if you answer MORE than ten, only the first ten will be corrected. Four Points each.
Partial credit is possible.


1. The major subgroups of Arthropods are divided and named based upon what type of feature?




2. What is the basic function of an amebocyte?




3. Explain the evolutionary significance of the trochophore larva.




4. Give one example of animals for each of the following types of flattening:

Dorsoventral:                                                                             Lateral:



5. What exactly is a chromatophore?




6. How are primitive winged insect flight systems different from the modern systems?




7. What are the two functions of a swim bladder?




8. There are three basic types of insect mouthparts. What are two?





9. What two phyla are characterized by a hydrostatic skeleton?





10. What makes a host a definitive or final host?





11. Give two examples from different phyla of animals that would be primarily filter feeders.





12. Give two sets of physical or functional differences between:

Chilopods Diplopods


13. Name two of the annelid subgroups.





14. What are the two amphibian sub-groups?





15. What apparent feature of Sponges best supports the idea that they belong in their own separate Kingdom?





16. Name two sub-groups of the bony fishes.





17. Alternation of generations in Cnidarians: explain what forms alternate, and what feature of each form fits it to alternation of generations.





LONG ANSWER.

Select and answer completely any four of the following questions.
Note: if you answer more than four, only the first four will be corrected.
Six Points Each. Partial credit is possible.


1. Fill in the table's information for three nematode parasites of humans.
Name Site of Infection Specific fact about this particular nematode





2. Name six groups, Class-level or larger, that are considered strictly terrestrial.



3. What are three characteristics found pretty much only in Vertebrate Chordates?











4. What are three characteristics that distinguish mollusks from other phyla?










5. Give examples of insects from six different subgroups.





6. What are three features that distinguish Echinoderms from most of the other phyla?










7. What are three features that distinguish Insects from even other subgroups in their own phylum?









8. What are three features found only in Chordates?












BONUS QUESTIONS.

Answer as many or as few as you wish. You can't lose points on the rest of the exam by getting these wrong. Partial credit is possible.

How exactly can a system of satellites threaten coral reefs? Three Points.




A human schistosome outbreak decades ago in the U.S. disappeared after a few years. What's the most likely explanation? Three Points.





What basic body plans occur in at least 3 fairly-unrelated phyla? You just need to describe the plans, not name the phyla. Three Points Each.




Evidence has been found for 150-foot giant squid; however, one unknown makes the evidence uncertain. For Three Points, what's the problem?





What evolutionary development in sharks might make them resistant to cancer? Three Points.





Hagfish are also commonly called _____________________. Three Points.





Which groups of organisms are the most successful? For Three Points Each, name a group and present a short argument to support their being the most successful. Limit 5 Groups.



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