BI 173 - Fourth Exam - 1998

 

Multiple Choice.  

 

Place the letter of the choice that best answers the question on the line to the left. Two Points Each.
NOTE: “e” answers are never the correct answer.


_______ 1. Dermis is a feature of
                    a. All chordates                                         b. Only vertebrate chordates
                    c. All animals                                             d. Only exoskeletoned animals
                    e. A recurring nightmare I've had...it's the first question on an exam...


_______ 2. Chromatophores could be found
                    a. In insect eyes                                    b. On the surface of an octopus
                    c. In reptile eggs                                   d. On Portuguese Man-o-War tentacles
                        e. Anywhere new Jiffy Chromatophore RemoverTM isn't used


_______ 3. Powerful defensive poisons can be found in
                    a. Frogs and millipedes                         b. Sea urchins and roundworms
                    c. Leeches and lizards                           d. Lamprey eels and flukes
                                        e. Baby diapers and closed elevators


_______ 4. Which are deuterostomes?
                    a. Roundworm and leech                     b. Starfish and salamander
                    c. Spider and earthworm                     d. Slug and pigeon
                        e. You're just making these words up, aren't you -?


_______5. Polymorphism is a term describing
                    a. Excretory function in mollusks
                    b. Different host types in flatworms
                    c. The many-appendage patterns in annelids
                    d. Body form variations in social insects
                    e. Some biological thingy that no sane person understands


_______6. Which are in the same phylum?
                    a. Polychaete worm and sea cucumber                 b. Bat and dragonfly
                    c. Sea squirt and eagle                                         d. Roundworm and liver fluke
                                        e. Could I alphabetize them instead?


_______7. Probably the most important aspect of the osteichthyan swim bladder is that it
                    a. Helps draw oxygen from the water
                    b. Gives the muscles something to pull against
                    c. Could be evolved into a lung
                    d. Helps conserve energy
                    e. Does not produce detectable "warm spots" in the swimming pool


_______8. The defining characteristic between the two major subgroups of Arthropods:
                    a. Numbers of legs                                     b. Types of mouthparts
                    c. Habitat type                                           d. Numbers of body divisions
                                        e. Original recipe or extra crispy


_______9. Mantle cavities could be found in
                    a. Sea urchins and crayfish                             b. Sea anemones and starfish
                    c. Snails and jellyfish                                      d. Oysters and squid
                            e. In fireplaces with built-in knick-knack cabinets


_______10. An endocrine system could be found in
                    a. A cat and a beetle                                     b. A goldfish and a crow
                    c. An earthworm and a scorpion                    d. A shark and a starfish
                                        e. But why would you be looking?


_______11. Which are both sessile?
                    a. Poriferans and tunicates                             b. Leeches and anemones
                    c. Rotifers and starfish                                   d. Insects and amphibians
                    e. What they do on their own time is none of our business...


_______12. Direct diffusion exchange, each cell with the environment, is the primary
                                 respiratory mode for
                    a. Flukes and nematodes                                 b. Spiders and crabs
                    c. Hydras and earthworms                               d. Jellyfish and tapeworms
                                e. Is this covered in campaign finance reform?


_______13. Which are insects?
                    a. Lice and fleas                                     b. Fleas and ticks
                    c. Ticks and mites                                  d. Silverfish and daddy longlegs
                            e. I just squish 'em, I don't interview 'em...


_______14. Which structures in sharks are homologous?
                    a. Scales and fins                                     b. Nerve cord and jaws
                    c. Scales and teeth                                   d. Gill slits and mouth
                                        e. Their size and their scariness


_______15. If an organism is a facultative parasite, then it
                    a. Also may be found free-living
                    b. Lives externally on its host
                    c. Lives internally on its host
                    d. Goes through several larval stages
                    e. Lives on teachers


_______16. Which structures have each been used (separately) to taxonomically connect
                                what superficially seem very different groups?
                    a. Radial symmetry & gastrulation           b. Trochophore larva & notochord
                    c. Spicules & fertilization type                 d. Closed circulation & segmentation
                                        e. Leonardo DiCaprio & The Three Stooges


_______17. These would have closed circulatory systems:
                    a. Roundworm and sea cucumber                     b. Newt and centipede
                    c. Turbellarian and clam                                    d. Earthworm and sting ray
                            e. Animals with high tariffs and protectivist administrators


_______18. Alternations of generations is a common characteristic of
                    a. Frogs and butterflies                                 b. Roundworms and snails
                    c. Flukes and corals                                      d. Sharks and rays
                                                e. Rock music and fashion



Short Answer.


Pick TEN Questions to answer in the spaces provided.
NOTE: if you answer MORE than ten, only the first ten will be corrected. 
Four Points Each.  Partial credit is possible.


1. What common factor "forces" birds to migrate?





2. What are two characteristic features of reptiles that allowed them to move away from open water areas?





3. Compared to exoskeletons, endoskeletons are better because: (two things)





4. Compared to endoskeletons, exoskeletons are better because: (two things)





5. Spicules: what are they, and what sort of animal has them?





6. What does benthic mean?





7. Sexual selection seems more evolutionarily powerful in birds. Why?





8. What is a radula, and what phylum is it a common feature in?



9. Name two Phyla whose characteristics include only 2 Cell Layers with a mesoglea between.




10. What sort of important commercial application is expected to come from Acanthocephalan research?





11. What is it about Onychophorans that makes them biologically interesting?





12. What are two characteristics of Platyhelminths that were, in an evolutionary sense, "new" in that group?





13. What exactly makes an animal planktonic?





14. What are two groups, phylum or class level, that are entirely or almost entirely marine?





15. What are two general characteristic features of Echinoderms that are essentially unlike any other group's?





16. What are the three stages of indirect development in insects?





17. Briefly describe (naming isn't enough) the two insect flight systems.



LONG ANSWER. 

Select and answer completely any four of the following questions.
Note: if you answer more than four, only the first four will be corrected.
Six Points Each. Partial credit is possible.


1. What are six subgroups (Orders) of winged insects? Common names are expected.





2. For three types of nematode parasites of humans, give the:
Name: Site of Infection: One unusual fact about this nematode:

3. Several arthropod characteristics are essentially "opposites" to chordate characteristics. Give three of these pairs of contrasting features:
ARTHROPODS CHORDATES



4. The land tetrapods apparently evolved from fresh water bony fish. Give three adaptations those fish might have had to their environment that would have preadapted them to land challenges, and for each explain why they needed it for their fresh water environment.




5. Describe three flight-related characteristics of birds, and for each explain why it gives an advantage towards flying.




6. Give the proper names of the three major mollusk subgroups, and for each describe the way that the foot is modified in that subgroup.
MOLLUSK SUBGROUP FOOT MODIFICATION



7. Give six mammal subgroups, and for each also give an example of a mammal from that subgroup.




8. Each of the three modern subgroups of reptiles is divided into two "subsubgroups:"
and
and
and


ANSWER KEY LINK

BONUS QUESTIONS.  

Answer as many or as few as you wish. You can't lose points on the rest of the exam by getting these wrong. Partial credit is possible.

How might the evolution of amebocytes have affected the development of genetic cell patterns in advanced life? Five Points.




What behavior patterns are being studied using tidal-pool sea anenomes? Three Points.





What economic impact is being felt from ctenophores? Three Points.





For Three Points each, what biological reasons make it almost impossible for the Loch Ness Monster to be a plesiosaur (other than they're supposed to be extinct)?




The single animal species with probably the most individuals at any given moment belongs to which subgroup? Where are they found? Three Points for each part.




Vertebrate circulatory systems early on developed a "second push" system that has evolved from there. What was the underlying reason for needing two pushes? Five Points.




What very recent fossil find has firmed up the dinosaur-bird evolutionary connection? Three Points.




Many basic "designs" show up by convergent evolution in distantly related groups. For Three Points Each, name a design and two decent-sized groups in which that design is common.

 

 

 

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