SC 135 - Second Exam 2000

MULTIPLE CHOICE.

On the line to the left, place the letter of the choice that best answers the question.
Three Points Each. NOTE: "e" answers are never the correct answer.

 

1. When a molecule too big to fit through membrane pores moves from a high concentration 
                 outside a cell to a low concentration inside a cell, which is the most accurate term?

_______      a. Active transport             b. Osmosis            c. Facilitated diffusion 
                    d. Exocytosis                        e. I need a little more study time...

 

2. In general, if you compare an element’s common ion to its uncharged atom form, the ion 
            should be

_______      a. More likely to be radioactive                     b. Chemically more stable
                         c. Less likely to be radioactive                      d. Chemically less stable
                                             e. Available in more styles and colors

 

3. Cells are often given structure with

_______      a. Cilia                     b. Nucleolus                    c. Endoplasmic reticulum
                         d. Microfilaments                     e. Strict upbringings

 

4. Which type of molecules have many different functions because of their limitless ability 
                to be different shapes?

_______      a. Proteins             b. Nucleic Acids             c. Carbohydrates
                         d. Lipids                                 e. Silly Putty

 

5. The reaction CO2 + H20 ----> C6H12O6 + 6 O2 represents

_______      a. Aerobic respiration         b. Photosynthesis         c. Enzyme activity 
                    d. Hydrolysis                                    e. More than I ever wanted to know

 

6. Which is a base bonding combination in nucleic acids?

_______      a. Glucose - Glycerol                     b. Thymine - Cytosine  
                    c. Adenine - Guanine                      d. Adenine - Uracil
                         e. "Base bonding" sound like we’re sticking statues together

 

7. Two different isotopes of the same element have different numbers of

_______      a. Protons             b. Electrons             c. Neutrons 
                    d. Nuclei                             e. Zip codes

 

8. The pH of digestive juices in the intestine is between 7.5 and 8.5. Compared with a 
                neutral pH, the concentration of H+ ions should be

__________      a. Higher                                         b. Lower
                             c. Equal                                          d. There's no way to tell   
                          e. I guess I shouldn’t have skipped this one in the book

 

9. Which is an allowable species name, according to the rules?

_______      a. Rattus rattus             b. rattus rattus            c. Rattus Rattus 
                    d. rattus Rattus                    e. There are rattus rules? Weird!

 

10. If a cell is known to be secreting some sort of protein, then what cell organelles  
                can reasonably be expected to be in that cell?

______     a. Ribosomes & Golgi bodies            b. Ribosomes & vacuoles
                     c. Lysosomes & chloroplasts             d. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum & lysosomes
                                         e. Only really cheap knock-off organelles

 

11. The growth of a plant or animal would have to directly involve

_______      a. Endocytosis                 b. Hydrolysis                c. Osmotic pressure 
                    d. Dehydration synthesis                e. A doorway with little pencil marks on it

 

12. Which is not a use for lipids in living things?

_______      a. Storing energy                 b. Moving things             c. Hormones 
                         d. Water barriers                            e. Making students remember answers

 

 

SHORT ANSWER.  

Answer any eight of the following questions for 4 Points Each.
Note: if you answer more than eight, only the first eight will be corrected.
You can get partial credit on these answers.

1. A red blood cell (with a membrane permeable to water) is put into a hypertonic salt solution. What should happen to the cell?

 

 

2. Compounds with ionic bonds very rarely have any function in living systems. Why is that?

 

 

3. Give a definition of the term allele.

 

 

4. Both carbon and water are essential to life. How are the bonding characteristics of each important aspects of their biological importance?

CARBON:

 

WATER:

5. What two features of mitochondria led to the idea that they might have originated as endosymbionts?

 

 

6. What are the basic principles of the cell theory?




7. Name and briefly define two different types of bonds that can hold molecules together.

 


8. If a molecule goes through oxidation, what by definition has happened to it?

 

 

9. Fill in four labels on this drawing of a cell:  Labels point to organelles on a simple line drawing.

---------------------------------- ----------------------------------

------------------------- -------------------------

------------------------- -------------------------

 

10. What are two sets of differences between (other than names or initials) -

DNA

RNA



11. What feature or features does a molecule need to have to be considered organic according to the newest definition?

 

 

12. Put them in order, SMALLEST TO LARGEST: Class, Family, Genus, Kingdom, Order, Phylum, Species, Superorder.

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

13. What are two structures found in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes?

 

14. What are two effects that would happen inside your cells if your lysosomes stopped working?

 

 

15. Briefly explain where the two terms come from in the Fluid Mosaic Model:

FLUID -

 

MOSAIC -

 

LONG ANSWER. 

Answer any four of the following questions for Eight Points Each.
Note: if you answer more than four, only the first four will be corrected.
You can get partial credit on these answers.

1. For four different properties of water, give the term associated with that property in the first column, and give an example of that property in action in the second column.

TERM

EXAMPLE





2. Name three types of adaptations living things use against osmotic pressure. For each, explain how that adaptation keeps osmotic pressure from harming the organisms.

 

 

 

 

 

 

3. The atoms in this molecule are either Carbon(C), Hydrogen(H), Oxygen(O), or Nitrogen(N). Based upon the bonding information given, place the appropriate symbols in the circles.

Each atom was connected to the next by bonds - the number of bonds on each is the key here.

 

 

 

 

4. For cilia and flagella, give three sets of differences, the one feature they share:

CILIA

FLAGELLA




FEATURE THEY HAVE
IN COMMON:

5. Pick an element from the Periodic Table (something on Row 2 or higher). For an uncharged atom of that element, give the...

 

Element Name _________                                                             Element Symbol ________

 

Atomic Number _________                                         Most Likely Atomic Weight ________

 

Number of Protons _________                           Most Likely Number of Neutrons ________

 

Number of Electrons ________

 

6. Name and define the four structural levels of proteins.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Link to Answer Key

BONUS QUESTIONS. 

Answer as many as you are able. Wrong answers will not result in points being lost from the main exam. You can get partial credit on these answers.

Different types of radiation from radioactive materials can have hugely different energies and penetrating power. What is it about the types of radiation that makes them act so differently? Four Points.

 

 

The right-hand column on the test’s periodic table is labeled "0." According to our rules, what should the label be (Three Points), and why does it have a zero on it (Four Points)?

 

What is it about the structural molecules in leaves and grass that make them a potentially great food source (Three Points), and why are those molecules so difficult to digest? (Three Points)

 

How many fatty acids would a typical lipid molecule have? (Three Points)

 

 

Briefly explain, step-by-step, how an antibiotic given wrongly to someone today can lead to antibiotic resistance in a disease bacterium they’ll pick up in a year. Two Points per correct step.

 

 

What two features of bony fish are indications that the group’s early evolution occurred in fresh water? Three Points each.

 

 

 

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