SC 135 - Second Exam 2003

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE. 

On the line to the left, place the letter of the choice that best answers the question.
Three Points Each. NOTE: "e" answers are never the correct answer.

 

1. Which is most likely to involve hydrolysis?

_______      a. Making a protein                          b. Dissolving a salt
                        c. Digesting a starch                        d. Moving molecules through a membrane
                                        e. Isn’t that, like, illegal or something -?

 

2. A blood cell would lose water to the outside and shrink up in a(n)

_______      a. Hypertonic solution                     b. Hypotonic solution
                        c. Ecotonic solution                        d. Isotonic solution 
                                e. Confrontation with an ex-cellfriend

 

3. A sugar-storing liver cell takes in sugar from the blood when the concentration inside
                            is much higher than outside. The movement of sugar is an example of

_______      a. Passive transport                     b. Facilitated diffusion 
                    c. Osmosis                                 d. Active transport
                                        e. An old I Love Lucy episode

 

4. The proper term for what encloses the cell nucleus is

_______      a. Wall                     b. Membrane                     c. Reticulum
                    d. Envelope                         e. Nucleus-enclosing thingy

 

5. Small green plants get structure from

_______      a. Osmotic pressure & cell walls               
                        b. Cell membranes & cell walls
                        c. Cytoskeleton & osmotic pressure        
                        d. Internal protein-based elements and lipid-based external elements
                        e. Knowing how embarrassing it is to droop in mixed company

 

6. Compared with a solution of pH 12, one of pH 11 is

_______      a. Twice as basic                        b. Half as basic
                        c. Ten times more basic                d. Ten times less basic
                                        e. Given a different number

 

7. Someone looking at single-celled pond organisms under a microscope comments 
                        that one of them has two wiggling attachments pushing it along. 
                        The attachments are probably

_______      a. Pseudopods                     b. Microvilli                      c. Flagella 
                    d. Cilia                        e. A pitiful attempt to draw attention to it

 

8. Which requires an infolding of the cell membrane?

_______     a. Endocytosis                     b. Nucleation                     c. Secretion
                       d. Reticulation                                 e. Getting it ready for mailing

 

9. Which organelles probably started as endosymbionts?

_______      a. Nucleus & golgi body                             b. Chloroplast & Nucleus.
                    c. Mitochondrion & chloroplast                  d. Nucleus & nucleolus
                                e. It would help if "endosymbiont" rang a bell...

 

10. In a cup of coffee, caffeine would be a

_______      a. Soltation                     b. Solvent                     c. Solution
                        d. Solute                                 e. Lemme guess, it starts with "sol"

 

11. A body cell on a surface used mainly for absorbing materials would likely have many

_______      a. Microvilli             b. Chromosomes              c. Microfilaments 
                        d. Layers of cell wall                    e. Changes of clothing

 

12. Which fact about mitochondrial DNA makes it useful in plotting out 
                        evolutionary connections?

_______      a. It only passes from mothers to offspring
                    b. It does not mix with every generation
                    c. It is structurally different than nuclear DNA
                    d. It only shows up in animals
                    e. It won’t stain expensive lab coats

 

SHORT ANSWER. 

Answer any eight of the following questions for 4 Points Each.
Note: if you answer more than eight, only the first eight will be corrected.
You can get partial credit on these answers.

1. What is the current definition of an organic molecule?

 

 

2. What are two different types of proteins that can be embedded in a cell membrane?

 

 

3. Briefly, what (and where) is a coupled channel?

 

 

4. What are the two basic component molecules of a lipid?

 

 

5. Two different features that cilia and flagella have in common -

 

 

6. Give a disadvantage for each -

LOW

CHROMOSOME

NUMBER

HIGH

CHROMOSOME

NUMBER

7. What are two sets of differences (other than name/initials) between DNA and RNA?

 

 

 

 

8. What are two rules from the Cell Theory?

 

 

 

 

9. Give the base sequence for the other strand of DNA -

                  _____________________________________________
                    A   A   C   T   C   G   A   T   A   C   T   G

                ______________________________________________

10. What makes something a polymer?

 

 

11. The supposed limits on cell size involve a ratio between what two aspects of a cell?

 

 

12. What are two different adaptations that organisms have evolved to resist osmotic damage?

 

 

 

 

13. In the fluid mosaic model of the cell membrane -

What’s the

fluid

part?

What’s the

mosaic

part?

14. Name two specific types of vacuoles.

 

 

LONG ANSWER. 

Answer any four of the following questions for Eight Points Each.
Note: if you answer more than four, only the first four will be corrected.
You can get partial credit on these answers.

1. For four different types of membrane-containing organelles (other than the nucleus), give the name and a brief description of each one’s function

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2. Give the reactions, including sources or recipients of energy -

PHOTOSYNTHESIS

 

 

AEROBIC RESPIRATION

 

 

3. Give two different uses for each -

LIPIDS

CARBOHYDRATES

 

 

 

4. What are four structures or materials inside a cell that are not organelles.

 

 

 

5. Three structures eukaryotes and prokaryotes may have in common -

A - Structure only found in prokaryotes

B - Structure only found in eukaryotes

 

A

 

B

 

B

6. Name and give a brief description of the four structure levels of proteins.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

7. Define the following terms associated with nucleic acids -

GENE -

 

ALLELE -

 

CODON -

 

LINK TO ANSWER KEY

BONUS QUESTIONS. Answer as many as you are able. Wrong answers will not result in points being lost from the main exam. You can get partial credit on these answers.

What does the term pH actually stand for? Don’t define it, explain why it’s called "pH." Three Points.

 

 

How exactly is a phospholipid molecule different from a regular lipid molecule? You need to use the components here. Four Points.

 

 

Explain how being given antibiotics when you don’t need them can lead to antibiotic-resistant disease-causing bacteria later. Five points.

 

 

What cell structure tends to show up in electron microscope pictures as small black dots?  Three Points.

 

 

For Three Points each, what facts support the embosymbiont theory?

 

 

Which part of sunlight is not absorbed by chlorophyll? Three Points.

 

 

What is apoptosis? Three Points.

 

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