SC 135 - Second Exam Fall 2004

SC 135 - Second Exam Fall 2004

MULTIPLE CHOICE.

On the line to the left, place the letter of the choice that best answers the question.
Three Points Each. NOTE: "e" answers are never the correct answer.

            1. Which is an example of applied science?

_______     a. Studying a new material for killing cancer cells                            b. Studying the migration of monarch butterflies
                  c. Putting together an evolutionary history of bats                           d. Developing a way to grow a rare moss in the laboratory
                                            e. Finding out whether Crazy Glue is really mentally unstable

2. The active ingredient in the waterproofing ScotchGuard spray is

_______ a. Ionized b. Hydrophilic c. Hydrophobic d. Electronized e. Something that, if you discover it, they'll tape you to death

            3. The experimental variable is

_______     a. What changes during the experiment             b. The thing that's being tested            c. The same as the control
                 d. The results of the experiment                                        e. When you experiment...umm, very much...

4. In comparison to a solution with a pH of 9, one that's pH 11 would be

_______ a. 4 times as acidic b. 4 times as basic c. 100 times as acidic d. 100 times as basic e. Two years older

5. Which usually exist as one to a few molecular ring structures?

_______ a. Sugars b. Lipids c. Water d. Starches e. The Molecule Wrestling Federation

            6. When water ionizes, becomes H+ and OH-,

_______     a. Both hydrogen & hydroxide are oxidized                                        b. Both hydrogen & hydroxide are reduced
                  c. Hydrogen is oxidized and hydroxide is reduced                               d. Hydroxide is oxidized and hydrogen is reduced
                                                                            e. They both will probably sue

            7. A double-blind test tries to control for which factor?

_______     a. Placebo effect on the subjects                                                b. Effect of knowledge of the researchers of the placebo subjects
                 c. Effects of subjects being able to see the researchers                  d. Effects of researchers being able to see the subjects
                                                        e. Whether you poke eyes one at a time or both at once

            8. When liver cells build starches, the process used is

_______     a. Dehydration synthesis             b. Carbohydration            c. Polarity matching             d. Hydrolysis            e. Slimy

            9. In which instance has qualitative data been converted into quantitative data?

_______     a. Polling potential voters to see who's leading in an election            b. Counting numbers of bird visits to a bird feeder
                  c. Using Lugol's to determine if starch is present or absent              d. Rating sense memories on a scale from one to five
                                                                            e. Changing the "l" into an "nt"

            10. The thing that makes anecdotal evidence weak is the influence of

_______     a. Interpretation             b. Chance             c. The variable            d. Electrons             e. Not knowing what it is

            11. Different isotopes would have different

_______ a. Weights b. Charges c. Element symbols d. Orbitals e. Opinions

12. Large molecules are often held together in particular shapes because they are

_______ a. Organic b. Triple bonded c. Polar d. Double bonded e. Big enough to demand it

SHORT ANSWER.

Answer any eight of the following questions for 4 Points Each.
Note: if you answer more than eight, only the first eight will be corrected.
You can get partial credit on these answers.

1. Column 8 elements are very unreactive chemically. Briefly explain why.

2. In a cup of coffee (no cream, no sugar), what is the -
SOLVENT?	SOLUTE?	SOLUTION?

3. For animal models in experiments, give one each -
ADVANTAGE to using them?	DISADVANTAGE to using them?

4. The two basic uses that plants have for starches -

5. Under what circumstances is the term null hypothesis used?

6. What are the two basic types of components of a typical lipid molecule?

7. Briefly explain why evaporation is a cooling process.

8. Give a definition of peer review, without using either the word "peer" or "review" in the definition.

9. What form are the atoms of Column 7 elements typically found in?

10. Give a definition for polymer.

11. A reliable experiment should be reproducible. And if someone reproduces a reliable experiment, what should happen?

12. Briefly explain what a hydration shell is.

13. According to the modern definition, what makes organic chemistry distinct from other types of chemistry?

LONG ANSWER.

Answer any four of the following questions for Eight Points Each.
Note: if you answer more than four, only the first four will be corrected.
You can get partial credit on these answers.

1. What are four different uses living things have for lipids?

2.
40.08 Ca Calcium 20 Column 2	How many protons?
	How many neutrons?
How many electrons?(Radical form)	Typical ion form?

3. Explain what happens, on the molecular level and in steps, to water as the temperature drops from 15^o C to -5^o C.

4. For two different types of molecular bonds -
NAME the bond type	DESCRIBE how such a bond is formed

5. For viruses -
Two traits that they have in common with "living" things -	Two traits they have that makes them possibly non-"living" -

6. Using the numbers of bonds as a guide, fill in the symbols for either Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, or Oxygen.

Not reproducible - like as was done in class.

7. What are four different types of confounding factors? Give some general types that can show up in various sorts of experiments, not specific examples.

LINK TO ANSWER KEY

BONUS QUESTIONS.

Answer as many as you are able. Wrong answers will not result in points being lost from the main exam. You can get partial credit on these answers.

For Two Points Each, up to three examples, give examples of different types of sciences that are considered "soft" or "fuzzy."

Why is it wrong to say that experimental results are proof of the hypothesis? Three Points.

Finish the quote: "There's lies, there's damned lies, and then there's _____." Three Points.

When a study found aluminum in the brains of Alzheimer's victims, what turned out to be the reason? Three Points.

What sorts of different modern conveniences are direct results of technology developed for the space program? Two Points Each, up to three.

Why is alpha radiation less dangerous to people than gamma radiation? Three Points. (No references to The Hulk, please.)

What is it about fiber that makes it an effective stool softener? Four Points.

What types of materials are suspected of causing the molecular damage in our cells that makes us age? Three Points each.

Science fiction writers have thought that elements other than carbon might serve as the main atoms in alien living systems - based on what makes carbon work in our systems, where should they look for candidate elements? Four Points.

SC 135

Michael McDarby