SC 139 - First Exam 2004

Links on Numbers go to relevant passages in the online textbook.

MULTIPLE CHOICE. 

On the line to the left, place the letter of the choice that best answers the question.
Three Points Each. NOTE: "e" answers are never the correct answer.

 

                    1. Which is a clear example of post-modernism applied to science?

_______          a. Darwin took many notes during his voyage
                            b. Lamarck saw evolution as a progress toward perfection
                            c. Lyell explained processes in the past in terms from the present
                            d. Leewenhoek developed a non-prisming magnification lens
                            e. I’d like to whack something with a post right about now

 

                    2. Because of Alfred Russel Wallace,

_______          a. The role of mutations were understood
                        b. An entire world of tiny organisms became known
                        c. We have a cell theory
                        d. Darwin published his theory about evolution
                        e. I have one more dead guy to remember

 

                    3. An electron beam, compared to a light beam,

_______          a. Penetrates material easier                 b. Produces better resolution
                        c. Requires cheaper glass lenses          d. All of these
                                    e. Just sound more, like, modern, y’know-?

 

                    4.  Cells seem to have size limitations because, in general, ______ increases 
                                    much faster than _______ as cells get larger

_______          a. Volume...surface area                         b. Metabolism...movement
                        c. Surface area...volume                         d. Movement...metabolism
                                                     e. Spending...income

 

                    5. Uniformitarianism allows explanations for things that

_______          a. Are very small                                 b. Are hard to organize
                        c. Happened in the past                       d. Extremely chaotic
                                        e. Require everyone to dress the same

 

                    6. Thomas Malthus’ important ideas can be labeled as

                        a. Natural control of overpopulation
                        b. The inheritance of acquired characteristics
_______          c. Ontogeny recapitulates phylogeny
                        d. Speciation through isolation
                        e. Boring stuff that really old guys can tell us

 

                    7. Which is an allowable species name?

_______          a. Johnathanida Edwarda                         b. howardus deanus
                        c. wesli Clarki                                           d. Johnius kerrius
                            e. Whatever you can call them and they don’t bite you

 

                    8. The power of a control test is how it

_______          a. Repeats the experiment                     b. Provides a comparison
                        c. Gives better measurements                d. Works with living things
                                                e. Gives, um, you know, control

                    9. Which is an example of spontaneous generation?

_______          a. Viruses causing disease                 b. Elephants becoming mammoths
                        c. Bones becoming fossils                 d. Horsehairs becoming worms
                                    e. Every generation likes to think it’s more spontaneous

 

                    10. The fossil record in a particular location often "skips" long periods of time, 
                                    during which 

_______      a. That region was dry land                b. That region had no major lifeforms
                        c. No evolution occurred                    d. All of these
                        e. The payments were missed and the records were repossessed

 

                    11. Traits that link butterflies, bats, and airplanes are based upon

_______          a. Taxonomy             b. Analogy            c. Ideology 
                        d. Homology                        e. Splattiness

 

                    12. Sectioning is a process often needed for

_______          a. Transmission microscopes                           b. Evolution
                        c. Scanning microscopes                                 d. Field Study
                                                        e. Orange consumption

 

 

SHORT ANSWER. 

Answer any eight of the following questions for 4 Points Each.
Note: if you answer more than eight, only the first eight will be corrected.
You can get partial credit on these answers.

1.  Darwin saw the relationship between organism types on a mainland and nearby islands as varying with an extent according to what features of the islands?

 

 

2. What is meant by the term colonial organism?

 

 

3. What are two features or abilities that eukaryotes have but prokaryotes don’t?

 

 

4. What is the basic purpose of sectioning? (This variation on #12 above is a mistake - you should not get the "same" question twice)

 

 

5. Either define or give an example of convergent evolution.

 

 

6. The early idea that fossils represented species from the past led to an idea that seemed totally contrary to religious teachings, but no longer is an issue. What idea was it?

 

 

7.  In the classification system of cladistics, when do family trees "split"?

 

 

8.  Two features eukaryotes have but prokaryotes don’t have.

 

 

9. Briefly define what, in general, confounding factors are.

 

 

10. Put the following in order from smallest to largest: Class, Family, Genus, Kingdom, Order, Phylum, Species, Superorder.

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

11. What is adaptive radiation?

 

 

12.  Explain why the concept of artificial selection was important to forming a theory of evolution.

 

 

13.  What is the current biological definition of a species?

 

 

14. What is the function of homeogenes?

 

 

15.   Name one structure found in plant cells but not in animal cells.

 

 

LONG ANSWER. 

Answer any four of the following questions for Eight Points Each.
Note: if you answer more than four, only the first four will be corrected.
You can get partial credit on these answers.

1.  Give three points about Nature that everyone could agree were true, which sets up Darwin’s Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection

 

 

 

 

 

 

2. For any four of the six basic Kingdoms, give the name of the Kingdom, then enough features to completely distinguish it from any of the others

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3. Give four different materials that can surround an organism and help produce a fossil much later

 

 

 

 

 

 

4. The four rules of the Cell Theory -

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

5. Give the steps necessary to bring about a change in species by Natural Selection. Don’t take the number of lines available as matching the number of steps - this is more like lined paper.







6. For Jean Baptiste de LaMarck - name or describe

His theory that
is no longer accepted
at all -

His theory that
often affects how
people still feel -

Link to Answer Key

 

BONUS QUESTIONS. 

Answer as many as you are able. Wrong answers will not result in points being lost from the main exam. You can get partial credit on these answers.

What was the third Kingdom to be set up? Three Points.

 

When Francesco Redi ran his first meat - maggot experiment, what was "wrong" with the first trial? Three Points.

 

 

Why are field studies a common approach in biology? Three Points.

 

 

Many of the early developments in microscopes happened in which century? Three Points.

 

 

How is the label we got from Robert Hooke applied differently from what he originally named? Three Points.

 

 

Why was Indonesia a great place to come up with a theory of evolution? Three Points.

 

 

What, according to most books, is the term "vestigial organ" supposed to mean? Three Points.

 

What is a likely different explanation for vestigial organs? Three Points.

 

 

What observations led to the expression "ontogeny recapitulates phylogeny"? Three Points.

 

 

Other than make it bigger, what does a standard lab microscope do to the image of a specimen? Three Points.


  
     

 

Michael McDarby.

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