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SC 139 - Second Exam 1998
MULTIPLE CHOICE.
On the line to the left, place the letter of the choice that best answers the question.
Three Points Each. NOTE: "e" answers are never the correct answer.
1. Why is it thought that the development of DNA was a very early
development
in the history of Life on Earth?
_______
a. It can be found in the oldest fossils
b. Only DNA could have been the first "living" molecule
c. Every living thing known uses it
d. It isn't - DNA is obviously a recent development
e. As far as I'm concerned, history stops at my birth
2. Which best describes germination?
_______
a. Seed sprouting
b. Flower development
c. Sperm meets egg
d. Bending toward light
e. Someone sneezing on you
3. Plants probably would not have been able to move onto land without
their
_______
a. Pollinators
b. Fungus symbionts
c. Root systems
d. Guard cells
e. Credit cards
4. In genetics and function, pollen is most like
_______
a. Sperm
b. Seeds
c. Spores
d. Cones
e. Whatever else makes you sneeze
5. Which is a bryophyte?
_______
a. Rose
b. Fern
c. Moss
d. Pine
e. What language is this?
6. The primary purpose of a fruit is to
a. Feed animals
b. Form flowers
_______
c. Attract attention
d. Move seeds
e. Be thrown in old movies and bad sit-coms
7. The world's first autotrophs and heterotrophs should have been
_______
a. All eukaryotes
b. Eukaryotes and prokaryotes
c. All prokaryotes
d. Neither eukaryotes or prokaryotes
e. Pretty rich if they had invested wisely
8. As plants evolved, which became the main body form?
_______
a. Sporophyte
b. Flower
c. Fruit
d. Gametophyte
e. Plants have bodies -?
9. In conifers, compared to female cones, male cones are
_______
a. Higher & larger
b. Lower & larger
c. Lower & smaller
d. Higher & smaller
e. Dumber & smellier
10. Another use plants may produce pollen for:
_______
a. Animal food
b. Seed carrier
c. Directly grow into plants
d. Make people allergic
e. They're really bored
11. The beginnings of mitochondria and chloroplasts are found in the
_______
a. Colonialism hypothesis
b. Endosymbiont theory
c. Cambrian explosion
d. Gaia hypothesis
e. Unpronounceable names handbook
12. The Cambrian Explosion seems to have been the beginnings of the
major
_______
a. Groups of advanced organisms
b. Animal groups
c. Land groups
d. Plant groups
e. Action movies
13. The structure of parts inside a flower can be used to determine
_______
a. Whether the supporting plant is male or female
b. What sort of pollinator it uses
c. If the plant is a seedless or seed plant
d. All of these
e. Whether someone loves you or not
14. A fern spore would have the same number of chromosomes as what
from the
same species of fern?
_______
a. Leaf cell
b. Cone
c. Sperm cell
d. Pollen grain
e. What is this, fern accounting-?
15. In angiosperms, where do pollen tubes first form?
_______
a. Stigma
b. Anther
c. Seeds
d. Ovaries
e. Are they like Pixie Stix?
SHORT ANSWER.
Answer any eight of the following questions for 4 Points Each.
Note: if you answer more than eight, only the first eight will be corrected.
You can get partial credit on these answers.
1. What are two sets of differences to tell these apart:
2. What are two of the major full-time land groups of organisms?
3. What is the function of an endosperm?
4. Briefly, what is the main idea of the Gaia hypothesis?
5. According to theory, when the Earth's "living things" were just big organic molecules,
what are two features those molecules had to have to lead on to current forms of life?
6. What does haploid mean?
7. Give two environmental conditions that favor conifers over angiosperms.
8. How is a eukaryotic cell different from a prokaryotic cell (one way is all that you
need).
9. Give two distinctly different ways for pollen to spread.
10. What is it particularly about pollen that made it such a great development in the
evolution of land plants?
11. What are two aspects of a fresh water environment that would have made it an
excellent staging area for the movement of organisms onto the land?
12. The evolutionary development of which process led to the formation of the
atmosphere's ozone layer?
13. Define what is meant by a pioneer organism.
14. What exactly is alternation of generations?
15. Explain the importance of a cell membrane to the evolution of protocells.
16. What are two different types of catastrophes that may have led to mass extinctions?
LONG ANSWER.
Answer any three of the following questions for Eight Points Each.
Note: if you answer more than three, only the first three will be corrected.
You can get partial credit on these answers.
1. Name the four plant tissue types and, for each, give one major function done by that
tissue.
2. Briefly describe (more than 1-2 words, please) four different ways that life on land was
significantly challenging to water organisms evolving in that direction.
3. Name and briefly describe four types of vegetative propagation (natural or artificial).
4. Describe, with the proper terms, the full life cycle of a fern.
5. Give four sets of clear-cut differences between...
6. What are four plant functions that are affected strongly by plant hormones?
LINK
TO ANSWER KEY
BONUS QUESTIONS. Answer as many as you are able. Wrong answers will not result
in points being lost from the main exam. You can get partial credit on these answers.
Where on earth can you find, for Three Points Each:
Fossil
stromatolites?
Living stromatolites?
The Burgess Shale fossils contain many animal types that no longer exist. What's the most
likely reason for their disappearance? Four Points.
According to the latest scientific theory, what animals may be actual surviving dinosaurs?
Three Points.
Why is disease most probably not a cause of mass extinctions? Four Points.
How do you tell a real fern from a fern-like flowering plant? Four Points.
What does "-phyte" mean? Three Points.
Many primitive plants have a non-reproductive reason for needing to be in moist
environments. What is it? Four Points.
Why does stripping the bark off most trees eventually kill them?
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