|
Fourth Exam 2002
MULTIPLE CHOICE.
On the line to the left, place the letter of the choice
that best answers the question.
Three Points Each. NOTE: "e" answers are never
the correct answer.
1. Amphibians can be compared to
___D___
a. Reptiles due to their shared need for moist environments
b. Fish in that they spend their whole lives with gills
c. Roundworms because species can be found everywhere
d. Ferns because of the need of open water for reproduction
e. Any one of these other groups bouncing in my confused head
...you're just looking for a trait amphibians share with something else.
2. Cnidarians have a feature no other group has:
___C___
a. Scolex
b. Tentacles
c. Stinging cells
d. Jelly-like layer
e. More consonants than they can really use
...it's where the group name comes from.
3. Metamorphosis is something found in
___B___
a. Mollusks &
reptiles
b. Insects & amphibians
c. Echinoderms &
fish
d. Flatworms & roundworms
e. A fairly expensive dictionary
...something right out of the notes / book.
4. The main purpose of a proglottid is
___A___
a. Sexual
reproduction
b. Attachment
c. Asexual
reproduction
d. Swimming
e. To make money an amateur glottid can’t
...the tapeworm segment with all those male and female structures
has to be sexual.
5. Which is caused by a species of protozoan?
___D___
a. Schistosomiasis
b. Creeping eruption
c.
Trichinosis
d. Malaria
e. Protozoniosisisisisis
...match the disease with the critter - a is a flatworm, b and c
are
roundworms.
6. Which two features almost always are found together?
a. Bilateral symmetry and cephalization
b. Serial homology and radial symmetry
___A___
c. Male systems and females systems
d. Legs and backbones
e. Relationships and confusion
...a developed head end and matched sides (not in that order in a).
7. Which is in the same phylum as humans?
___B___
a. Squid
b. Sea squirt
c.
Centipede
d. Sea urchin
e. Uh ohhhh....
...find the other chordate.
8. A water vascular system is a feature found in
___A___
a.
Starfish
b.
Snails
c. Fish
d.
Crayfish
e. Fountains
...starfish are echinoderms, and echinoderms have this system.
9. Which would be sessile?
___C___
a. Medusa &
starfish
b. Pinworm & tapeworm
c. Sponge &
clam
d. Snails & millipedes
e. We need to know their religion?
...2 things that just sit in one spot normally.
10. Leeches are a type of
___C___
a.
Flatworm
b.
Roundworm
c. Segmented worm
d.
Mollusk
e. Lawyer
...remember which animals go with which groups...
11. Most of the adaptations found in birds that relate to flight
also involve
___B___
a. Reproduction &
migration
b. Weight & metabolic rate
c. Vision &
muscles
d. Body covering & wastes
e. Lots and lots of envy from the other critters
...they need to be lighter and more energetic to fly.
12. A mantle is a feature found in the group that includes
___D___
a.
Lizards
b. Earthworms
c. Insects
d. Snails
e. Victorian houses
...match the feature to the group, and the group to the example.
SHORT ANSWER. Answer any eight of the
following questions for 4 Points Each.
Note: if you answer more than eight, only the first eight
will be corrected.
You can get partial credit on these answers.
|
1. What are two different groups of animals that produce poisons
purely as a defense against predators? |
|
MILLIPEDES
MOLLUSKS is acceptable if not totally
right. |
AMPHIBIANS
BEES usually
|
|
2. For tapeworms, briefly explain why |
|
-Larvae can be They
can fill spaces like a
very dangerous tumor
does, and poison the
to a host...
host
|
-Adults usually They
rarely damage linings,
are not very
or build up to dangerous
harmful to the host... numbers, or
eat much
|
|
3. What are the two main subgroups of the cartilage fish? |
|
SHARKS
|
RAYS & SKATES
|
|
4. What are two different features that are different in the
various groups of algae? |
|
COLORS
TYPES OF CHLOROPHYLL USED
|
DEPTHS AT WHICH THEY GROW BEST
|
|
5. Which two features are the main basis for dividing the major
subgroups of Arthropods? |
|
MOUTHPARTS
|
ANTENNAE
|
|
6. What is the main reason that some animals produce uric
acid as a waste product?
...TO KEEP WASTES FROM POISONING EMBRYOS IN SEALED
EGGS
|
|
7. What are two of the surviving reptile subgroups? They
all have pairs of members. |
|
CROCODILES AND ALLIGATORS
LIZARDS AND
SNAKES |
TURTLES AND TORTOISES |
|
8. Why was the evolutionary development of a tube digestive system
a good thing?
...FOOD CAN BE BROKEN DOWN IN A SERIES OF STAGES,
AND NEW FOOD CAN BE TAKEN IN WITH FOOD ALREADY IN THE SYSTEM WITHOUT
DISTURBING DIGESTION
|
|
9. What are two features found in segmented worms and
arthropods? |
|
SEGMENTATION
ANTENNAE
MANDIBLES
|
DOUBLE SOLID NERVE CORD
BILATERAL SYMMETRY
CUTICLE
|
|
10. Give the functions of - |
|
Macronucleus- Used for making proteins from
DNA code.
|
Micronucleus- "Master copy" of DNA for
making new nuclei (both types) |
|
11a. Collar cells (choanocytes) - found in what kind of animal?
SPONGE
|
11b. What is their function?
FILTER FEEDING
|
|
12. What are the two Cnidarian body types? |
POLYP
|
MEDUSA
|
|
13. Briefly explain what, by definition, makes a host an intermediate
host.
...the parasite reproduces asexually in this
host.
|
|
14. What are two different behaviors done by insect colonies
that usually would be considered something done only by humans? |
|
WAR
SLAVERY
PROMOTION BASED ON PERFORMANCE
|
RANCHING
FARMING
BUILDING
|
|
15. In what way is an echinoderm endoskeleton unusual?
...it is around the insides the way an exoskeleton
is (it just has a thin skin on it, or it would be an exoskeleton).
|
LONG ANSWER.
Answer any four of the following
questions for Eight Points Each.
Note: if you answer more than four, only the
first four will be corrected.
You can get partial credit on these answers.
1. Give two advantages that each has over the other -
|
EXOSKELETON |
ENDOSKELETON |
|
MORE PROTECTIVE
|
GROWS EVENLY, NO MOLTING
|
|
BETTER LEVERAGE
|
NOT AS HEAVY - ALLOWS GREATER SIZE
|
2. For alternation of generations -
|
Definition - SEXUAL PHASE IS ALWAYS
FOLLOWED BY ASEXUAL, THEN SEXUAL, ETC. |
|
One reason why a species does this-
1 - Basic form is sessile (as in Cnidarians)
2 - Sexual plant must stay near watery surface (as in Ferns)
3 - Life cycle so risky that advantages of both reproductions are needed
(parasites such as flukes or tapeworms) |
Another reason why a species does this-
|
|
Example for this reason (species or group)
|
Example for this reason (species or group) |
3. For four different types of roundworm, tell
in the first column which roundworm it is, then in the second column give one
distinct fact for that type of roundworm.
|
Caenorhabditis elegans |
Used in embryology research
|
| Ascaris |
Females wander in search of
males; eggs can be infective for many years; treatment may
clog intestines and make matters worse
|
|
Dracunculus |
Treatment led to medical symbol
(caduceus); passes in "clean" drinking water; passes
eggs by sticking out through skin
|
| Hookworms |
Live in intestine but eat
blood; come in directly through skin; may cause desire to eat
dirt
|
| Trichinella |
Passes from meat-eater to
meat-eater; coils in muscles.
|
| Filarial
worms |
Live in fluid systems; danger to
local dogs; carried by biting insects.
|
| Pinworms |
Live in large intestine; probably
not parasites; eggs move around like dust; may reinfect if
females lay eggs inside
|
4. For the two main "trunks" of animal
classification, give the names that go with each and then two sets
of differences between the groups.
|
Names -
PROTOSTOMES
|
DEUTEROSTOMES
|
|
Spiral cleavage - embryo cells divide unevenly
|
Radial cleavage - cell divisions are
equal
|
|
Early embryo cells have their
purposes set very early |
Early cells can forms many different
tissues until well into development
|
| When
endoderm forms, embryo opening will be mouth |
Opening will be anus
|
5. Give the three major subgroups of mollusks,
and for each describe how the foot functions in that subgroup.
|
SNAILS & SLUGS
|
Flat, mucus-covered, animal
"slithers" with it
|
|
CLAMS & RELATIVES
|
Tongue-shaped, used to dig & push
|
|
OCTOPUS, SQUIDS, ETC.
|
Tentacles with suckers, used to grab
things & for crawling
|
6. Give three sets of differences between -
|
INVERTEBRATE NERVE CORD |
VERTEBRATE NERVE CORD |
|
VENTRAL
|
DORSAL
|
|
SOLID
|
HOLLOW
|
|
DOUBLE
|
SINGLE
|
NO KEY FOR BONUS QUESTIONS.
Answer as many as you are able. Wrong answers will not
result in points being lost from the main exam. You can get partial
credit on these answers.
Why is beaver fever called that? Three Points.
What sorts of odd abilities do slime molds have? Three Points each.
When people get swimmer’s itch - What type of
organism causes it? Three Points. What type of organism is
the actual host? Three Points.
How do sheep tapeworms help make sure that their
larvae get into sheep hosts? Four Points.
What are the advantages of compound eyes over single-lens
eyes? Three Points each.
What do sea cucumbers do that no other animals
do? Three Points.
There are some basic "designs" (more than just
symmetry) that show up in many animal groups that aren’t closely related. For
Three Points each, describe these body layouts.
Make a brief case for any major group (must be a phylum or
larger, so if you’re thinking of a smaller group give their phylum) as the
most successful group of living things. Five Points.
|