SC 139 - Fourth Exam 2004

Links on Numbers go to relevant passages in the online textbook.

MULTIPLE CHOICE. 

On the line to the left, place the letter of the choice that best answers the question.
Three Points Each. NOTE: "e" answers are never the correct answer.

 

1.  The evolutionary advantage of a tube digestive system is

_______      a. The ability to feed more-or-less continuously
                    b. Being able to better break food down in a step-by-step process
                    c. It takes advantage of the directionality of bilateral symmetry
                    d. All of these
                    e. It makes all of the other critters jealous

 

2.  Which would not have antennae?

_______      a. Lice and fleas             b. Ticks and fleas             c. Ticks and mites
                    d. Mites and lice                         e. Now I’m all itchy...!

 

3.  Which should have double ventral nerve cords?

_______      a. Crayfish and alligator                        b. Earthworm and spider
                    c. Lamprey eel and snake                     d. Goldfish and starfish
                            e. How can animals afford such fancy features?

 

4.  Amniote egg structures are important for

_______      a. Respiration                                         b. Removal of metabolic wastes
                    c. Waterproofing                                    d. Mobilization of nutrients
                            e. Confusing the maximum number of students

 

5.  According to the latest theories, birds’ most recent ancestors were

_______      a. Mammals             b. Lizards             c. Flying fish 
                    d. Dinosaurs                     e. Animated cartoons

 

6.  Internal body cavities are important because they

                    a. Allow organs to move independently
                    b. Are the only effective way to circulate nutrients
_______      c. Can be used as a digestive system
                    d. Can do all of these things 
                    e. Make organisms literally holy

 

7.  The grasshoppers we dissected in lab looked like adults, but weren’t, an indication of

_______      a. Indirect development                     b. Molting 
                    c. Direct development                       d. Cephalization
                             e. The icky sorts of things we did

 

8.  Sea squirts are in the same phylum as

_______      a. Squids         b. Starfish         c. Crabs         d. Dinosaurs 
                                                e. Whoopy cushions

 

9.  Which is the closest relative to a scorpion?

_______      a. Centipede             b. Crayfish             c. Mite 
                    d. Praying mantis                 e. Skateboarders

 

10.  A swim bladder functions in

_______      a. Buoyancy                 b. Circulation                 c. Respiration 
                    d. Embryo development             e. Fouling a pool

 

12.  Cephalization is usually found with what other feature?

_______      a. Endoskeleton                 b. Radial symmetry                 c. Exoskeleton 
                    d. Bilateral symmetry    e. It’s in a pile with a bunch of words no one can remember

 

12.  Turtles are generally

_______      a. Terrestrial predators                       b. Aquatic predators
                    c. Terrestrial herbivores                     d. Aquatic herbivores
                                                e. Not cute and cuddly

 

SHORT ANSWER. 

Answer any eight of the following questions for 4 Points Each.
Note: if you answer more than eight, only the first eight will be corrected.
You can get partial credit on these answers.

1.  The two major uses of chromatophores -


 

2.  The major subgroups of amphibians -

&

&

3.  Briefly explain what happens when an arthropod molts.

 

 

4.  What are two of the three subdivisions of a typical mollusk (not an insect!)?


 

5.  Give two sets of structural or functional differences between -

CENTIPEDES

MILLIPEDES

 

 

 

 

6.  What locomotion structures - and how many of each - are on an insect’s thorax?


 

7.  What are two of the three major subgroups of mammals?


 

8.  Briefly explain what a hydrostatic skeleton is.

 

 

9.  What are two characteristics of echinoderms that are not general characteristics of any other phylum?

 

 

10.  What are two different systems whose structures repeat in the segments of segmented worms?

 

 

11. What exactly is the main reason that some animals process their ammonia-based metabolic wastes into the form of uric acid?

 

 

12.  What are the two different functions of a notochord?

 

 

13.  What are two different traits that mammals have but not other animal groups?

 

 

14. Which are the largest phyla, according to -

Named
Species?

Vertebrates?

Ability to
occupy diverse
niches?

15. The two groups, from different phyla, that commonly go through metamorphosis.


 

16.  What are two of the four major subdivisions of the insects? (Not looking for specific examples, just large, general subgroupings)

 

 

 

LONG ANSWER. 

Answer any four of the following questions for Eight Points Each.
Note: if you answer more than four, only the first four will be corrected.
You can get partial credit on these answers.

1.  Give four sets of differences between -

EXOSKELETON

ENDOSKELETON

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2.  Give four fight-related characteristics of birds, and for each briefly explain how it relates to fight ability.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3.  Give the three major subgroups of the mollusks, and for each one describe the form of the foot in that subgroup.

 

 

 

 

 

 

4.  Give three sets of differences between

PROTOSTOMES

DEUTEROSTOMES

 

 

 

 

 

 

5.  Three major subgroups of reptiles (still living) - each has two "types" within it...

AND

AND

AND

6.  For four different types of nematodes, give the species or common name and then one feature for each that makes them unusual, even compared to other nematodes.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

7. For two of the three subgroups of fish, give the general name of the subgroup, then two examples of fish types or species within that subgroup.

 

 

 

 

Link to Answer Key

BONUS QUESTIONS.

Answer as many as you are able. Wrong answers will not result in points being lost from the main exam. You can get partial credit on these answers.

 

What sorts of basic body forms (not symmetry types) shows up in groups that are not closely related? Three Points each.

 

 

We are probably here only because one group of mollusks never developed a certain ability. Which group (Two Points), and which ability (Two Points)?

 

 

Name some human features that show that we are actually segmented animals. Three Points Each.

 

 

Which local "bug" is really a crustacean? Three Points.

 

 

If an insect has full wings, what does this indicate about the insect, beyond that it maybe can fly? Three Points.

 

 

When a starfish has grabbed a clam, why exactly does the clam eventually open up? Three Points.

 

 

What, judging by how long it took both plants and animals to evolve adaptations around it, was the single biggest obstacle to moving from water to land? Three Points.

 

 

 

Why might some dinosaurs have been able to get so large, when no land animals before of since have come close? Three Points.

 

 

There are many ways to define success. Pick one or more large groups (phylum-level or larger), and briefly explain how that one could be considered the most successful group. Three Points Each.

 

 


  
     

Michael McDarby.

 

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