SC 139 - Fourth Exam 2006

Links on Numbers go to relevant passages in the online textbook.
 Unlinked numbers may be purely from the notes or connect to more than one piece of information.

MULTIPLE CHOICE.

On the line to the left, place the letter of the choice that best answers the question.
Three Points Each. NOTE: "e" answers are never the correct answer.

1.  A swim bladder’s main advantage is that it

                        a. Conserves energy                                        b. Improves respiration
_______           c. Is used as a jet propulsion system                  d. Changes the overall shape
                                e. Helps on those long commutes with no rest rooms available

 

2.  Which is an example of indirect development?

_______           a. Protostomes                                 b. Small crickets –> adult crickets
                        c. Deuterostomes                             d. Caterpillar –> butterfly
                            e. Biology courses lead to a perfect life (well, it is indirect...)

 

3.  The water vascular system of Echinoderms does most of the work that is done in other animals by

_______           a. Gills                 b. Blood vessels                 c. Skeleton
                        d. Muscles                     e. Household servants

 

4.  Which would have a mantle?

_______           a. Spider             b. Snail             c. Goldfish            d. Bird
                                e. I can’t see them even having a fireplace...

 

5.  A sea squirt is most closely related to a

_______           a. Clam             b. Salamander             c. Sea Cucumber            d. Trematode
                                                e. Swimming pool "accident"

 

6. These both tend to allow for larger size:

_______           a. Segmentation & endoskeleton            b. Body cavities & circulatory systems
                        c. Sexual & asexual reproduction           d. Radial symmetry & setae
                                                e. SuperTM sizing and BiggieTM sizing

 

7.  Which would have an exoskeleton?

_______           a. Snail & starfish             b. Turtle & clam            c. Lobster & spider
                        d. Dog & sunfish              e. The one that had the really big fight with its skeleton

 

8.  A notochord can be important to

_______           a. Movement & development                 b. Coordination & digestion
                        c. Feeding & development                     d. Movement & digestion
                                                e. Many biology-type questions

 

9.  Which would have embryos whose cells divide unevenly (spiral cleavage)?

_______           a. Centipedes and goldfish                         b. Earthworms and snake
                        c. Starfish and shark                                 d. Snail and grasshopper
                            e. It certainly wouldn’t be polite to ask them, would it?

 

10.  Which two features almost always are found together?

_______           a. Bilateral symmetry and cephalization        b. Serial homology and radial symmetry
                        c. Male systems and females systems          d. Legs and backbones
                                                    e. Relationships and confusion

 

11.  Which are endothermic?

_______           a. Starfish and squids             b. Lizards and sharks            c. Alligators and turtles
                        d. Crows and kangaroos        e. Sounds like something you need medication for

 

12.  The final, critical adaptations for land vertebrates involved

_______           a. Lungs & glandular skin                                b. Endothermy & endoskeletons
                        c. Internal fertilization & amniote eggs             d. Scales & legs
                                        e. Sunblock and tropical vacations

 

 

SHORT ANSWER.

Answer any eight of the following questions for 4 Points Each.
Note: if you answer more than eight, only the first eight will be corrected.
You can get partial credit on these answers.

1.  What are two of the subgroups within the arachnids?
 

 
2.  Give two sets of differences in the features of:

Millipedes

Centipedes

 

 

3.  What are two completely different uses for chromatophores?
 

 
4.  Briefly explain why molting is necessary in arthropods.

 

 
5.  The insects are divided up into four basic groupings. What are two of those?
 

 
6.  Give the number and type of different appendages typically found on the insect thorax.
 

 
7. Many land animals produce metabolic wastes in the form of uric acid. Why?

 

 

8.  What are two of the major subgroups of the segmented worms?
 

 
9.  What are two of the three major subgroups of mammals?
 

 
10.  What major advantage is linked to the evolution of a one-way, tube-in-a-tube digestive system, over the earlier "models?"

 

 
11.  What are two different types of features that DO NOT repeat in segment after segment of segmented worms?
 

 
12.  What are two features found in segmented worms and arthropods?
 

 
13.  What are the "tetrapods?"

 

 
14. Metamorphosis is a common feature in what two class-level groups?
 

 
15.  What are the two subgroups of the amphibians?


AND

AND

 

LONG ANSWER.

Answer any four of the following questions for Eight Points Each.
Note: if you answer more than four, only the first four will be corrected.
You can get partial credit on these answers.

1.  For four different types of nematodes, give the species or common name and then one feature for each that makes them unusual, even compared to other nematodes.
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 

2.  Three major subgroups of reptiles (still living) - each has two "types" within it...

AND

AND

AND

3.  Give four fight-related characteristics of birds, and for each briefly explain how it relates to fight ability.
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 

4.  For four of the major vertebrate groups (the big groups within the vertebrates), name the group and give one feature that each group has that none of the others do.
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
5.  For each of the three major subgroups of Mollusks, give the group, and then describe the characteristic form the foot takes in that group.
 

 
 

 
 

 
6.  For two of the three subgroups of fish, give the general name of the subgroup, then two examples of fish types or species within that subgroup.
 

 
 

 
7. Give the three sets of differences between the central nerve cords in...

INVERTEBRATES

VERTEBRATES
 

 
 

 
 

 

Link for Answer Key

BONUS QUESTIONS.

Answer as many as you are able. Wrong answers will not result in points being lost from the main exam. You can get partial credit on these answers.

What is a caduceus today? Three Points.

 

 What was a caduceus originally? Three Points.

 

A human embryo goes through a "ball" form that really is more like a dome. Why? Three Points.

 

How do leeches generally get their food? Three Points.

 

Why were there probably no earthworms locally when the Europeans came? Three Points.

 

Closed circulation systems usually carry something that open systems don’t. What? Three Points.

 

Why are horseshoe crabs today physically identical to horseshoe crabs from ancient fossils? Three Points.

 

How is the homology of insect wings different from any other animals’ wings? Three points.

 

Why do sharks really have to keep swimming? Three Points.

 

The birdlike features of Archaeopteryx were discovered how? Three Points.

 

 

How did museum officials react to the first platypus specimens sent to them? Three Points.


 
     

 

 

Michael McDarby.

 

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